کُتبِ اُصول حدیث اکیسویں صدی میں ؛ایک تعارفی جائزہ An Introductory Review of the Books written on ‘Usūl e Ḥadīth in 2ist Century

Muslims are a unique nation in the world who have shown unparalleled activism in preserving their sayings and relics. Caution was in view from day one. The simple precautionary measures taken in the early days later took the form of theology. In the beginning, the principles and rules of this knowledge did not exist in a disciplined form, although the scholars of Muḥaddithin adhered to the basic principles of this knowledge from the very beginning. However, references to these principles were to be found in the books of the pious. In the 4th Hijri, the scholars of Muhaddithin compiled the previous scattered work on the art of the principle of Ḥadith. Now these comprehensive definitions and terms are before us in a systematic and disciplined form in the books of ‘Usūl e Ḥadīth. In this short essay, the definition and necessity and importance of Hadith and ‘Usūl e Ḥadīth have been highlighted and also an introductory review of books written on ‘Usūl e Ḥadīth th and their authors and authors has been presented. Which indicates this. How strict were the rules and regulations of the Muslim Ummah for examining the authenticity and text of the Holy Hadith and how did they separate the authentic, weak and subject matter of the hadiths and write their separate books? And how hard they have worked to promote art.

Head Teachers Perception About the Advanced Diploma in School Management Adism

The role of headteachers in the school improvement process has been considered crucial, both in developing and developed countries but no effective measures have been made by the government and other private educational agencies in Pakistan to develop their skills, knowledge and attitude. Acknowledging the importance of headteachers' role in education system, the Aga Khan University, Institute for Educational Development (AKU-IED) launched Advanced Diploma in School Management (ADISM) for the professional development of working and aspiring headteachers in cooperating schools. The study was conducted in two AKU-IED's cooperating schools to understand the headteachers' perceptions about the impact of the ADISM programme towards enhancing understanding of their roles and responsibilities. A variety of research methods such as interviews, observations and document analysis were used for the purpose of collecting rich data. Different tools of data collection were used to triangulate the data to ensure the purpose of validity and objectivity. The findings suggest that the ADISM programme has contributed substantially towards enhancing headteachers' understanding of their role as pedagogical leaders. This allowed them to assist teachers in curriculum enrichment and enhancing their instructional strategies. It reveals that, both the headteachers acquired knowledge about school improvement process such as teachers' empowerment, developing schools' shared vision and designing strategic plans to realize the vision. The study shows that the ADISM programme has also contributed towards changing the headteachers' leadership style. Both the headteachers have developed a culture of professionalism in their schools in one way or other. However, the degree of implementation of newly acquired knowledge and skills of headteachers found to be different in either context due to various contextual factors.