العلامة شائسته جل و خدماته العلمية الدينية السياسية

This article highlights the religious, literary and political work of Moulana ShÉista Gul famous by the name of Mathe Mulla of Khyber Puktun Khawa (1303 A. H-1401A. H. 1886A. D-1981A. D MardÉn) He was well-known scholar of Qura’n, ×adith and Fiqah, his great contribution was to promote political awareness in the community with the concept ofTwo Nations Theory by his affiliation with Muslim League under the leadership of Quaid-eAÐam Muhammad Ali JinnaÍ. He was the convener of Jamiat ul AÎfia which was organized by the eminent religious leaders of that time to implement Sharia law in Pakistan. He was devoted to make Islam a living reality during his life time, his literary work is aimed to improve human communication and develop a better understanding among the people of this region. His monumental work was originally in Pashto widely spoken and understood in the North West of Pakistan. He was teaching and preaching Islam nearly in a span of seventy years. The main objective was to alleviate the deteriorating conditions of the Muslim society and to defend it from external threats. He emphasized to bring change and correct the wrong believes and detrimental actions. His theological doctrines influenced his followers and decedents who promoted his mission in the light of writings and ideas expressed by him.

Design & Simulation of High Energy Thermionic Electron Beam Gun Accelerators Applications

Design, simulation and test of four types of thermionic DC electron beam guns; hairpin source, strip source, line source and disc source have been evaluated. Beam optics analyses were performed using SLAC electron beam trajectory program (EGUN) and CST Particle Studio (CST-PS). The guns are in diode configurations with planar geometry of the electrodes. The focusing electrodes were placed at the same potential of cathode without any extra biasing or Whenelt electrode. From these novel designs well focused and parallel beams of electrons with beam current (42mA-12A), emission density (5.04-6.72 A/cm2), power density (5.04×104-6.72×104 W/cm2) and normalized emittance (0.51-31.72 π-mm-mR) were obtained. The simulated results were verified by experimental tests at 10 kV of acceleration potential. The designs are simple and inexpensive. These guns are useful for metallurgical applications and for electron optical devices due to high current and power densities. Moreover, these are also useful for accelerator technology due to high emission and low emittance parameters