تمام انسانیت کے محسنؐ ، سلام اُنؐ پر درود اُنؐ پر
سماں ہو راتوں کا یا کہ ہو دن، سلام اُن ؐ پر درود اُن ؐ پر
یہ بوندا باندی جو ہو رہی ہے ، ہمارے اشکوں کو دھو رہی ہے
اُنہی کی رحمت کی ہے یہ کِن مِن، سلام اُنؐ پر درود اُنؐ پر
پہنچ رہی ہے حضورؐ ڈالی ، سلام والی ، درود والی
نہیں ہے شک اِ س میں کوئی ممکن ، سلام اُن ؐ پر درود اُن ؐ پر
جو اُن ؐ کی رحمت کی حد نہیں ہے ، تمیزِ نیک اور بد نہیں ہے
تو لوگ کیوں بھیجتے ہیں گِن گِن ، سلام اُن ؐ پر درود اُن ؐ پر
کوئی حسد سے جو جل رہا ہے ، زباں سے آتش اُگل رہا ہے
ہمارا اُس کو جواب لیکن، سلام اُنؐ پر درود اُنؐ پر
درود حالِ نبی ؐ پہ بھیجو ، سلام آلِ نبی ؐ پہ بھیجو
کبیر سن ہوں کہ یاہوں کم سن ، سلام اُن ؐ پر دروراُن ؐ پر
ہزار اپنی ریاضتیں ہوں ، ہزار عابدؔ عبادتیں ہوں
ہمارا کوئی نہیں ہے اُن ؐ بِن، سلام اُن ؐ پر درود اُن ؐ پر
Being a desert, Cholistan has nomadic and semi-nomadic culture with life threatening climatic and geographic conditions. In fact, life in Cholistan revolves around search for water, food and fodder. Health problems are also acute among these desert dwellers. The area is deprived of healthcare services. The existing literature on Cholistan desert contains no scholarship on the ways of dealing with health problems particularly of women. This article is the first of its kind to explore this aspect. Using ethno-methodology, primary data were collected from 50 elderly women through protracted qualitative interviews and participants observation. Thematic analysis technique was used for analyzing the data. The findings of the study reveal that several intertwined factors such as lack of road and transportation facilities, lack of healthcare infrastructure and qualified medical staff, adverse weather conditions, mass illiteracy, ignorance and existence of massive poverty are main factors responsible for poor health of women in the Cholistan. Also, women’s health problems are given little importance because of male dominance and male support and approval is sought by women before getting medical treatment. In addition to this, lack of access and poor awareness about modern healthcare services, make women in Cholistan rely mainly on self-medication and local remedies such as ethnomedication and spiritual healing.
This qualitative case study attempted to explore Islamiyat teachers' understanding and practice of their role as leaders of their subject in a private secondary school, Karachi, Pakistan. The data were collected by using interview, observation and document analysis methods. Two Islamiyat teachers (one was the coordinator and the other teacher) participated in this study as research participants. The study found that Islamiyat teachers, like other teachers, have the potential and expertise to be leaders, by playing multiple key leadership roles in the school context. The two Islamiyat teachers studied were found to be committed with and enthusiastic about the teaching profession, due to their interest, influence of their backgrounds and their beliefs, as they deliberately joined the teaching profession and wish to continue with it till the end of their lives, which is one of the indicators of teacher leaders. Furthermore, the two teachers were also found to be teacher leaders in terms of leading teaching and learning by being expert teachers and continuous learners, making decisions and solving problems at classroom as well as school level. The study also found that teacher leadership is enacted/practiced at two levels; formal and informal by coordinators and teachers respectively. It was evident that Islamiyat is an important subject in terms of exposing the students to the principles of their religion and imparting ethical education. However, parents give less importance to Islamiyat as a subject and do not acknowledge Islamiyat teachers' importance and efforts, which is discouraging and frustrating for the teachers. The implications of the findings for teachers and school are to recognize and advocate the notion of teacher leadership at school level, which may contribute to improve the status of the teaching profession. The insights gained from this study regarding Islamiyat teacher leadership can be seen as a significant addition to the existing body of knowledge in the field of educational leadership, as very little attention has so far been paid to this subject, which is a compulsory subject in schools in Pakistan.