مولانا عبدالسمیع
گزشتہ ماہ کاالم ناک سانحہ دارالعلوم دیوبند کے قدیم تر استاذ حضرت مولانا عبدالسمیع صاحب ؒ کی وفات ہے۔مولانا مرحوم کئی ماہ سے علالت کے امتداد واشتداد کی تکلیفیں اٹھا رہے تھے، بالآخر ۱۰/صفر المظفرکو ہمیشہ کے لیے اس جہان فانی سے رخصت ہوگئے۔
مرحوم حضرت مولانا میاں سید اصغر حسین صاحبؒ کے مخصوص ہم سبقوں میں تھے اوربزرگوں کی خوبیوں اورخصوصیتوں کے جامع، بڑے با وضع، بڑے سادہ مزاج اوردارالعلوم کے اساتذہ میں بعض اوصاف کے لحاظ سے بے عدیل و بے مثیل۔ پیرانہ سالی اورغیر معمولی نقاہت کے باوجود جب درس دیتے تھے تو معلوم ہوتا تھا کوئی تازہ دم اور بلندآواز مدرس پورے شوق و انہماک کے ساتھ طلبہ سے مصروف تخاطب ہے۔ مولانا کا طرزتعلیم عام فہم بھی تھا اوردل پذیر بھی، پڑھاتے پڑھاتے بہت سی کتابوں کے حافظ ہوگئے تھے۔اُن کے تلامذہ میں آج بڑے بڑے مدرس بھی ہیں اورباکمال مصنف اورانشاء پرداز بھی۔ ندوۃ المصنفین کے تقریباً تمام بڑے بڑے رفقاء کوآپ سے شرف تلمذ حاصل ہے۔اﷲ تعالیٰ مرحوم کے مراتب بلند فرمائے۔ہمیں اس حادثۂ عظیم میں مولانا مرحوم کے اکلوتے صاحبزادے مولوی عبدالاحد صاحب مدرس دارالعلوم دیوبند سے دلی ہمدردری ہے اورہم اُن کے شریک غم ہیں۔ امید ہے مولوی صاحب موصوف اپنے والد کے صحیح قائم مقام ثابت ہوں گے۔ [فروری ۱۹۴۷ء]
Hinduism has been viewed by Semitic religions as a religion devoid of revelation. Early, Medieval and modem Muslim and Christian writings have often portrayed Hinduism as pagan even satanic while Hindus for millennia have claimed to be divinely revealed. Is Hinduism really a revealed religion and if so, what kind of a revelation does it have? In what manner does the divine reveal himself and who are the recipients of this revelation? To what extent is this concept different from ours? Does the process of revelation continue or has it been discontinued? These are some of the more significant questions that this article shall engage with. It clarifies that Hindus have books which they consider revealed and look upon much as Muslims look upon their Qur’an. The most significant of these among a majority of the Hindus are called the Vedas, literally, knowledge. It goes on to introduce the Vedas with respect to their various parts and content, what Hindus largely believe about it and how they ensured its preservation and safe transmission to later generations through various intricate and elaborate memorization techniques. The article highlights the importance of rishl, the recipients of these revelations, their kinds, characteristics and role in the process of revelation. The article contends that there is much in common between Rishland Semitic prophets with respect to their characteristics but that the similarities do not end here. Rather there is much more common ground to be explored with respect to revelation and its contents and its conveyors than meets the eye.
The present study represents a maiden attempt to develop and evaluate a combined hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis vaccine in cows and buffaloes. The study was compartmentalized into two phases. In phase I (laboratory settings), isolates of Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae recovered from field cases of HS and mastitis were scrutinized for virulence/pathogenicity and immunogenicity in laboratory animals. Bacterin- toxoids of S. aureus and Str. agalactiae were blended with prepared antigen of P. multocida, Montanide® ISA 201 VG, thimerosal and sodium azide to prepare combined HS- mastitis vaccine that was evaluated for sterility, safety and side effects underin vitro conditions/in cattle, buffaloes and mice. A challenge-protection assay conducted in immunized mice indicated 100% survival of challenged mice. The vaccine was physically stable in terms of pH, sedimentation, color, appearance, and syringibility for 6 months observation period at 37°C. In Phase II (field evaluation), the combined vaccine was evaluated in cows, buffaloes and calves. To this end, a total of 70 S. aureus and Str. agalactiae free lactating buffaloes (n=45) and cows (n=25), 50 lactating cows (n=25) and buffaloes (n=25) positive for S. aureus/Str. agalactiae and dairy calves (buffalo calves n=70; cow calves n=50) aged up to 1 year were treated with 2 doses of combined HS-mastitis vaccine at 21 day interval and evaluated (where relevant) for 6 months in terms of ELISA based antibody titers against P. multocida, S. aureus and Str. agalactiae, incidence of HS, local and systemic reactions, incidence and prevalence of S. aureus and Str. agalactiae mastitis, severity of mastitis, milk somatic cell count, milk yield, cost effectiveness and vaccine efficacy. ELISA based antibody titers against P. multocida, S. aureus and Str. agalactiae were higher in vaccinated groups than in un-vaccinated groups. Two cases of HS were recorded in vaccinated animals vis-à-vis 7 cases in un-vaccinated animals. Incidence of S. aureus and Str. agalactiae over 180 days in vaccinated and un-vaccinated cows and buffaloes initially cultural –ve for these pathogens was 3 and 10, respectively; the corresponding figures in groups initially culture +ve for these pathogens being 2 and 12, respectively. Cumulative mean somatic cell counts in vaccinated groups were significantly lower (P>0.05) than those in respective unvaccinated controls. Milk yield was significantly higher (P<0.05) in vaccinated cows and buffaloes than in un-vaccinated controls. Mastitis severity scores were lower in vaccinated groups than in un-vaccinated controls. The vaccine tested had a vaccine efficacy 84.78 and 90.25% against HS and mastitis, respectively with a financial benefit worth Rs 2,060,300. In sum, Montanide® adjuvanted combined HS-mastitis vaccine had preventative role against HS and both preventative and curative role against S. aureus and Str. agalactiae associated mastitis. In view of the preliminary nature of the study, additional work involving much larger number of cows, buffaloes and calves is clearly warranted.