مولوی جنید نعمانی
یہ خبر نہایت حسرت و افسوس کے ساتھ سنی جائے گی کہ مولانا شبلی نعمانی مرحوم کے چھوٹے بھائی مولوی جنید صاحب نعانی سب جج کانپور نے دوسال کی صحت و علالت کی کشمکش کے بعد ۱۲؍ اپریل ۱۹۳۳ء کو دہلی میں وفات پائی، مولانا مرحوم کے صرف یہی ایک بھائی تھے جو ان کی وفات کے بعد زندہ تھے، آخر انہوں نے بھی اس دنیا کو الوداع کہا، یہی وہ بھائی تھے جن کی نسبت مولانا نے اپنے بھائی محمد اسحاق صاحب مرحوم الہ آباد ہائی کورٹ کے پر درد نوحہ میں ۱۹۱۴ء میں یہ فرمایا تھا:
اے خدا شبلی دلِ خستہ بایں موئے سپید
لے کے آیا ترے درگہِ عالی میں امید
مرنے والے کو نجات ابدی کی ہو نوید
خوش و خرم رہے چھوٹا مرا بھائی یہ جنید
افسوس کہ یہ بھائی اپنے بڑے بھائی کے بعد اٹھارہ برس سے زیادہ خوش و خرم نہ رہ سکا، دعا ہے کہ مرحوم کو اب آخرت کی ابدی خوشی و خرمی حاصل ہو۔ (سید سلیمان ندوی، مئی ۱۹۳۳ء)
Travelogue is a firm of literature which describes nation and people according to their history, civilization, politics, economics, and culture and presents cities and culture by showing the ideologies and manners/moralities, economics and society in the time when there were no transportation and the travelogues were the only source to get information. Because travelogue consists of the details about history and society, thus it has a tremendous amount of information and by offering characteristics of places and personalities. Moreover, travelogue describe personalities and events in the context of society and culture which provides a rich material to geologists, historicists as well as to the scholars of society ( sociologists) and students of literature and others.
The experiments were conducted to explore the chelant-assisted lead (Pb) phyto-extraction and subsequent antioxidative responses in spinach and turnip plants under both controlled (Growth Incubator) environment and filed (natural) conditions. The seeds of turnip (Brassica Rapa L. cv. Purple Top) and spinach (Spinacea oleracea L. cv. Desi) were surface sterilized and sown in plastic pots filled with thoroughly washed sand. Later on, the same experiment was conducted in the field under natural conditions. In controlled experiment, after germination, 10 d old spinach and turnip seedlings were exposed to different Pb regimes (0, 2.42 and 4.83 mM). While in case of field experiment, 20 d old plants were expose to Pb regimes where the control plot exhibited 0.0218 mM Pb concentration. After 10 days of Pb application, 2.4 mM concentrations of different chelating agents viz., ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), citric acid (CA), oxalic acid (OA), tartaric acid (TA) and malic acid (MA) were applied to the plants both under controlled and field conditions. Different Pb regimes altered biomass and different physiobiochemical attributes in both crop species. On the other hand, the application of chelates, especially CA increased growth in both crop species. However, of the chelates, TA was much more effective in increasing tissue specific Pb concentrations in both crops. The beneficial effects of chelates attributed to the capacity to increase photosynthetic pigments, antioxidative enzymes and nutrient uptake under different Pb regimes. Both crop species were able to tolerate Pb levels applied. Furthermore, some chelates were able to reduce tissue specific toxic concentration of Pb leading to hormesis. Overall, the results elaborated the potential of chelates in increasing growth, biomass, and thus suggested their use for phytoextraction of Pb. Based on the effectiveness of TA in increasing root Pb concentrations in case of turnip and shoot Pb concentrations in case of spinach suggested its use for phytoextraction of Pb in Pb-polluted environments.