الحبك النصي وعلاقته بالنص القرآنيدراسة نظرية في ضوء التراث النقدي والبلاغي

The concept of coherence is not only a semantics one that exists within the meaning of text; it refers to grammatical continuity of a text that accurs within surface and deep structure of the discourse، and that define it as a text/discourse. That is why the study of coherence is important in textual linguistics، especially in the Text of Holy Qur’ān. Therefore the ancient researchers have chosen it in different ways in the Qur’ānic textual analysis. The ancient Arab started the study of Coherence to prove the Qur’ānic text as “Moʻjiza” and “iʻjāz” because of its organization and arrangement of text according the “Naẓm” “Insijām” “Ittisāq” “Iltiḥām” and many others. The English term that substitutes these terms is just Cohesion and Coherence. So we can say that the Arab were doing well about the discourse/textual analysis of the texts, especially the Qur’ānic textual coherence was their main goal. The Article aims to explore the main roots، elements and aspects of textual coherence in Arabic language. This work differ from previous works in many aspects as it focuses on the concept of coherence and its various aspects particularly in terms of the coherence in Arabic Language in the light of Qur’ānic text.

Collective Modes in Weakly Magnetized Relativistic and Ultra-Relativistic Electron Plasma

The longitudinal and transverse dispersion relations using four-dimensional covariant Maxwell''s equations and three dimensional Maxwell''s field equations are derived. Their equivalence is found be in agreement in both the formulations. Employing ambient weak magnetic fields, collective modes of electron plasma are derived. Two different approaches are used. (i) In first case, a covariant form of Maxwell''s equations is used along with Vlasov model and 4-dimentional polarization tensor is derived. Using temporal axial gauge A0=0 and employing ultra-relativistic Maxwellian distribution function, dispersion relations for both parallel and perpendicular propagations are derived. Some limiting cases are also discussed. (ii) In second case, Maxwell''s field equations are used along with Vlasov model and 3-dimentional polarization tensor is derived. It is observed that the response of polarization tensor obtained by using temporal gauge A0=0 in the covariant form of magnetized dielectric tensor and the polarization tensor obtained from the Maxwell''s fields equations is same. The problem is extended for isotropic relativistic Maxwellian velocity distribution function and generalized relativistic dispersion relations for weakly magnetized electron plasma are obtained. The integrals (called Meijer G functions) which arise due to relativistic effects are studied in various limits and dispersion relations are derived for the non-relativistic, weakly-relativistic, strongly-relativistic and ultra-relativistic Maxwellian velocity distributions. It is generally observed that the propagation domains of the modes are enlarged as one proceeds from the non-relativistic to the highly relativistic regime. Resultantly, due to the relativistic effects, the Whistler mode is suppressed in the R-wave, the non-propagation band of X-mode is reduced and the X-mode itself approaches the O-mode. Further, the results derived in the ultra-relativistic and non-relativistic limits found to be in agreement with the earlier calculations.