آہ! حکیم الامت
اِنَّکَ مَیِّت’‘ وَّاِنَّھُمْ مَیِّتُوْنْ
یوں تو موت اس عالمِ آب وگل کی ہراس چیزکے لیے ہی مقدر ہے جو زندگی کاعاریتی لباس پہن کر بساطِ ہستی پرنمودار ہوئی ہے۔لیکن جس طرح زندگی زندگی میں فرق ہوتا ہے۔اسی طرح ہرایک کی موت بھی یکساں نہیں ہوتی۔ کبھی کبھی ایسی اموات بھی واقع ہوتی ہیں جوصرف افراد واشخاص کی اموات نہیں ہوتیں بلکہ ان ہزاروں لاکھوں انسانوں کی عمارتِ حیات بھی اس سے متزلزل ہو جاتی ہے جومرنے والے کے دامانِ عقیدت وارادت سے وابستہ ہوتے ہیں۔ پھراس کی موت کاماتم آنکھوں کے چند قطرہ ہائے اشک سے نہیں ہوتا۔بلکہ ہزاروں دلوں کی پرسکون آبادیاں ایک مستقل غم کدۂ آمال دامانی بن کر رہ جاتی ہیں۔ امیدوں اور ولولوں کے چراغ بجھ جاتے ہیں ۔نشاط وکامرانی ٔحیات کے آتش کدے سرد ہوجاتے ہیں اورایسا محسوس ہوتاہے کہ اس حادثہِ جان کاہ نے کائناتِ عالم کی ہرہر چیز کواداس اورغمگین بنادیا ہے۔اسی قسم کی ایک موت پرعربی شاعر نے کہاتھا۔
وماکان قیس’‘ ھلکہٗ ھلک واحد
ولکنَّہ بنیانُ قومٍ تَھَدَّمَا
قیس کامرنا صرف ایک شخص کامرنا نہیں ہے
بلکہ وہ ایک قوم کی بنیاد تھا جومنہدم ہوگئی
گذشتہ ماہِ جولائی کی تاریخ ۱۹؍ ۲۰؍کی درمیانی شب کو تقریباً دس بجے حکیم الامت حضرت مولانا اشرف علی صاحب تھانوی کاجو سانحۂ ارتحال پیش آیاوہ اسی قسم کاسانحہ تھا۔حضرت مولانا جس طرح شریعت کے عالم متبحر تھے طریقت اور سلوک میں بھی مقامِ رفیع کے مالک تھے۔ان کی ذات علومِ ظاہری وباطنی کا مخزن تھی۔علمِ سفینہ سے زیادہ علم سینہ ان کااصلی جوہر اور زیور تھا۔تحریریں علم و فضل کامعدن ہوتی تھیں اور تقریر بھی بلاکی اثر انگیز تھی، وہ جس بات کوحق سمجھتے تھے اسے برملا کہتے اور کرتے تھے اوراس میں انھیں کسی لومۃ لائم کی پروا نہیں ہوتی تھی۔خودایک درویش گوشہ نشین تھے۔مگران کاآستانہ بڑے بڑے...
Since the creation of woman, she faces many problems in her life. Different societies have their own customs and traditions. And woman faces problems regarding them. Pakistani society has its own influence and civilization which causes many problems of women. In these traditions, one of the bad behaviors is, marriage of woman on wrong time i.e. Late marriage or early time marriage. In the result, at least, she faces Problems regarding dowry, Joint family system, Family disintegration, Childlessness, Propensity to violence, Effects of husband remaining alone from wife etc. On the basis of social divisions in Pakistani family system and depiction of woman issues having effects on herself, the significant and their mediation is very necessary, too. Many of these problems has Psychological impacts on woman in her domestic life. In Pakistani society where woman faces domestic and family problems, there economic problems too pester her which include greed for riches and lack of them both pester her psychologically. In this paper, above mentioned problems of women in Pakistani society has been discussed in the light of Islamic teachings.
In Pakistan, Livestock is considered as a social security for poor villager as it can be a source of cash at the time of need. Degnala disease reduces the production of these animals directly. Along with other side issues related to Degnala disease, this study was done to diagnose the actual cause of Degnala disease by applying different latest scientific techniques. Prevalence along with risk factors was calculated in the rice growing areas of Punjab, Pakistan. Fungal isolation (n=40) was performed from the rice straw feedings of the Degnala disease affected animals through the technique of spot culture on SDA. Then these fungal isolates were identified through comparing their microscopic and macroscopic characters. Then toxigenic potential was checked for all these isolates through the application of TLC and HPLC. After that, from those isolates which were positive for mycotoxin production potential, most cytotoxic isolate was checked with the application of MTT assay. Then the most cytotoxic isolate was inoculated on non-contaminated rice straw and fed to the experimental animals to see a similarity of natural cases of Degnala disease. Finally treatment was conducted to see a proper combination of various drugs against this disease. Toxigenic potential of different candidate fungi, isolated from rice straw feeding of Degnala disease affected bovines was analysed along with Species, age, gender and season wise prevalence. Out of 1536, 104 (6.77%) cases showed positive signs for this disease with a significant association (p<0.05) between rice straw feeding in buffaloes, winter season and bovines having an age of more than one year. Complete Blood Count showed marked increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and all white blood cells numbers, except lymphocytes in positive cases. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate amino transferase and Alkaline phosphatase noticed in Liver Function Test. At the same time, increased value of Creatinine was noticed in Renal Function Test. For isolation and screening of toxigenic fungi, rice straw samples (n=40) being fed to the positive cases were processed further, out of which there were 85 fungal isolates mainly of Aspergillus (57), Penicillium (10), Fusarium (04), Zygomycetes (03), Curvularia (01) and unidentified (10). All isolated fungi were subjected for mycotoxin production and only 11 showed mycotoxin producing capability (including Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium isolates) analysed by Thin Layer Chromatography and quantified through High Performance Liquid Chromatography. It is concluded that all the fungi, contaminating rice straw feeding of Degnala affected animals are not toxigenic. This work will help in establishing major mycotoxin producing fungi leading to the probable cause of Degnala disease in bovine. With the help of MTT assay on vero cell line, most cytotoxic fungus was identified. After an incubation with vero cells, OD values of all the candidate fungi were compared through one way ANOVA. Results of this analysis showed that Fusarium was at the highest ranking and then was the A. flavus with a significant value of 0.006 and 0.039. Finally it was concluded through these systematic steps of converging the diagnosis that, out of all the 85 suspected fungi, Fusarium (isolate number S 8.1) was the most cytotoxic isolate obtained from the rice straw feedings of Degnala affected animals in our study. For molecular diagnosis of the most cytotoxic isolate of Fusarium, PCR was conducted and the results showed that ultimately the final PCR product was successfully amplified against the mentioned primer of ITS conserved region for Fusarium genera and the DNA product was with a length of 570 base pairs. Experimental feeding trials were conducted by inoculating Fusarium (the most cytotoxic isolate) and A. flavus (second most cytotoxic one after Fusarium) separately and in combination compared with the negative control group, all groups were of eight animals each. It was concluded that alone Fusarium was able to produce Degnala disease, while its combination with A. flavus was more lethal. Ultimately the treatment trials proceeded with penta-sulphate, oxytetracycline and antiseptic topical application as therapeutic treatment were shown to be very effective against Degnala cases. While in all the affected animals feeding of affected rice straw was ceased. Only withdrawal of affected rice straw from the feedings of Degnala affected animals was not effective unless proper treatment as mentioned here was not conducted. Analysed. The expected results of the study shall be helpful to make exact diagnosis and treatment of infected buffaloes and cattle that is further helpful for timely prophylaxis and control of the Degnala disease in the rice growing areas of Pakistan and South Asia.