الباب الرابع: شعر نازك الملائكة وبروین شاکر (دراسة مقارنة)

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Behavior of Bacterial Isolates from Different Clinical Samples at Nishtar Hospital Multan

The pathogenic bacteria are getting resistant to antibiotics is significantly growing in the developing countries of the world including Pakistan. The present study was designed to find the basic study on resistance among the patients coming to the Nishtar Hospital, Multan. The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Total 387 clinical samples of urine, pus, high vaginal swab (HVS) and wound were surveyed for the existence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. For these bacterial isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed. E. Coli was the most prevalent isolates followed by Staphylococcus aureusand Pseudomonas. E. Coli was predominated in urine, pus, HVS and wound specimens. Occurance of Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Candida and Pseudomonas were 7.9 %, 3.9 %, 14.7 % and 1.4 % respectively among the clinical specimens. E. Coli shows highest resistance to Linezolid (98.3%) followed by Ceftrizone (90.8%), Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim (85%), Moxifloxacin (82.5%). High frequency of resistance specifies that there is an unremitting requirement of surveillance of resistance behaviour of antimicrobial agents in our study is to investigate the trend of this problem.

Measuring the Effects of Human Capital on Performance of Punjab Police Gujranwala City

This study is an initiative to analyze the relationship between human capital and employee performance at different levels in Punjab Police, Gujranwala city, Pakistan. Human capital has been analysed on the basis of education, learning, experience, expertise, innovation and creation and employee?s performance measurement involved four levels like task, contextual, adaptive performance and counterproductive work behaviour of employees. This study consisted survey questionnaire distributed to police employees who responded to survey instrument to obtain their perception about human capital and employee performance of their particular department. This study carried on convenient sample of 251 (241 males and 10 females) employees of police. This study was quantitative in nature and primary data was collected through questionnaire from 251 employees of Punjab police department, Gujranwala city, Pakistan. Data was examined by descriptive statistics, correlation, alpha and linear regression. Results supported the conceptual model by demonstrating significant effects of human capital on employee performance at different levels. Results showed that human capital is positively related to task, contextual and adaptive performance whereas human capital was negatively related with counterproductive work behaviour.