سید اطہر حسین آئی ۔ اے ۔ ایس
جناب سیٹھ عبدالعزیز انصاری صاحب کا غم ابھی تازہ ہی تھا کہ دارالمصنفین کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے ایک اور بہت معزز اور باوقار رکن جناب سید اطہر حسین صاحب آئی۔اے۔ایس بھی رحلت فرماگئے، اناﷲوانا الیہ راجعون۔
وہ یکم مارچ ۱۹۲۰ء کو پیدا ہوئے اعلیٰ تعلیم کے لیے الٰہ آباد یونیورسٹی میں داخل ہوئے، اور ایم۔ایس۔سی کی ڈگری لینے کے بعد ۱۹۴۲ء میں سرکاری ملازمت میں آگئے، ڈپٹی کلکٹری سے ترقی کر کے آئی۔اے۔ایس ہوئے اور حکومت اترپردیش کے اعلیٰ عہدوں پر فائز رہے، تقریباً سات برس تک مرکزی حکومت سے وابستہ رہے، ملازمت کے دوران مصر و امریکہ کے سفر بھی کیے، آخر میں ریاستی حکومت کے سکریٹری کی حیثیت سے ریٹائرڈ ہوکر فیض آباد میں مستقل طور پر قیام پذیر ہوگئے تھے کہ یہیں ۲۰ دسمبر کو قلبی عارضہ میں انتقال ہوگیا، والبقاء ﷲ وحدہ۔
جناب سید اطہر حسین صاحب نے سرکاری ملازمت کی گوناگوں مشغولیتوں کے باوجود تحریر و تصنیف کا مشغلہ بھی جاری رکھا، اور انگریزی اور اردو میں اسلام کے مختلف پہلوؤں پر چھوٹی بڑی درجنوں کتابیں یاد گار چھوڑیں، شعر و سخن کا بھی عمدہ ذوق تھا، اس کی ابتداء رفیقہ حیات کی غمناک موت سے ہوئی، وہ بڑے زودگو تھے، بہت جلدان کی غزلوں کے کئی مجموعے شائع ہوئے، پھر نعتیہ اور مذہبی شاعری کی طرف متوجہ ہوئے، بڑے اچھے مترجم بھی تھے، متعدد اہم دینی کتابوں کے ترجمے انگریزی میں کئے ، انتقال سے ایک ماہ قبل جناب سید صباح الدین عبدالرحمن مرحوم کی کتاب ’’اسلام میں مذہبی رواداری‘‘ کا انگریزی ترجمہ مکمل کر کے دارالمصنفین بھیجا، ان کو ترجمہ پر حیرت انگیز قوت تھی، ۸۲ء میں وہ کسی سرکاری کام سے دہلی گئے تھے، اسی زمانہ میں ہمدرد نگر میں بین الاقوامی قرآن کانگریس ہورہی تھی، اپنی دلچسپی کی وجہ سے...
The current study is an attempt to analyze the association between macroeconomic instability and terrorism in Pakistan over the period of 1970 to 2020. Six important variables are taken as a proxy to measure macroeconomic instability which includes external debt, budget deficit, trade deficit, real effective exchange rate (REER), inflation and unemployment. Results indicate that there exists a long run cointegration relationship between the indictors of macroeconomic instability and terrorism. FMOLS is employed to obtain the estimates and it reveals that budget deficit and external debt is negatively associated with terrorism. It indicates that government expenditures on different project such as infrastructure create economic opportunities, therefore, reduces terrorism. Furthermore, welfare programmes also improve the performance of socioeconomic variables that translates into harmonized environment which lessens violence. The variable of trade deficit, inflation and unemployment has positive impact on terrorism while REER is insignificant. In context of trade deficit, higher imports results in job loss of domestic industries, hence, it hits the vulnerable groups. Therefore, the opportunity cost of life of these groups reduces and it increases the probability to become a part of terrorist activities. Inflation also pushes the vulnerable groups in poverty by reduces the purchasing power and unemployed individuals are also easy target to get involve themselves in acts of aggression. This study also constructs the macroeconomic instability index including the six variables through principal component analysis (PCA). Results of this model show that macroeconomic instability index and GDP has positive effect on terrorism. In case of GDP, the plausible reason could be uneven income distribution that increases terrorist activities. For the policy implications, government need to divert the resources from non-productive to productive uses through the investment in such projects which has direct and indirect impact on the welfare. In this way deprived group will enjoy economic perks and engage themselves in productive activities rather than becoming a helping hand in terrorism.
Pakistan has become the sixth largest populous country and the third largest contributor of the world. At the time of independence in 1947 it was 14th in rank with a population size of 33.5 million that has explosively grown to 180 million, with annual net growth of 30 million, making population growth the real economic problem. In context of basic most resource of water Pakistan went from surplus in 1950 to relatively abundant in 1980; water stressed by about 2010 and will be water scarcity by 2035. PEDA model analysis, with the variables of Population, Environment, Development and Agriculture has proven population as real economic problem in Pakistan. Pakistani media unfortunately been used to indoctrinate nationalistic ethos like Islamization and protect military rulers, as media was govt owned. Dilemma continued and still going on even in era of private media in the country .as private media is like a pure commercial activity, trying to share power as a political actor and gathering a repute of sensationalism. Genesis of media performance and strength as institution in Pakistan can be traced from its vital role played in the independence of country. Efforts have also been made to study factors of personal and institutional barriers that may hinder the process of bringing change in people’s mindset in favour of having fewer children. The research highlights that though media has the responsibility of representing thoughts and feelings with regard to any social problem and guide people to take steps, the Pakistani media has presented the social problems like population growth but has failed in converting the thoughts and feelings into actions. Data were analysed separately for the two groups of participants. Media experts were interviewed to obtain more in-depth information on the variables of interest. The primary data findings corroborated the results of secondary data findings. The results of the surveys indicate that both the students and media experts think that the media in Pakistan is strong. It has proved its strength time and again. Still, it has never focused on population as a problem. Failure of media performance can be gauged from the fact that a high percentage of media experts, obviously with maximum media exposure, who were interviewed, did not know the rank of Pakistan in the world population and a clear majority did not know the net growth of 30 million in already overpopulated country. Without realizing how big the issue is, they cannot pay the due attention towards this issue.