کلام اقبال اور عشق مصطفے ﷺ

Dr. Muhammad Iqbal is an outstanding poet-philosopher, perhaps the most influential Muslim thinker of the 20th century. His poetry, both Urdu and Persian, is great. Iqbal's philosophy is known as the philosophy of selfhood (KHUDI). His philosophy determines the fact that the purpose of life is the development of inner-self. This goal of human being is definitely achieved by the true love of God, and sincere obedience of His Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). As the holy Quran declares loud and clear: "Say: if you do love Allah, follow me: Allah will love you and forgive you your sins."  This article is about the gist of Dr. Iqbal's poetry, which is the love and devotion of Allah's beloved Messenger Muhammad (PBUH). Just like Rumi, Dr. Iqbal had a similar pattern of love for the personality of the prophet. He made Him to be the role-model in bringing the socio-political change within the Muslim society of his time. He firmly believes:  If you are loyal to Muhammad, then We are yours The world is naught: The Pen of Destiny shall be yours

Relationship Between the Phenomenon of Academic Procrastination and Students Achievement at University Level

Procrastination is a complex phenomenon referred towards the postponement of a planned task that can also be defined as an illogical and irrational delay. The study was an attempt to find out the relationship between the phenomenon of academic procrastination and students achievement at university level. The objectives of the study were to identify the tasks in which students procrastinate the most with an exploration of the causes for academic procrastination. Furthermore, the relationship between academic procrastination and students’ achievement was explored. Students’ interest in changing their attitude of academic procrastination was also assessed. The study was a co-relational study. The relationship between academic procrastination and students’ achievement was explored. In typological context, five public sector universities were randomly selected out of 20 public sector universities in Punjab. Multi-stage cluster sampling technique was used and the total 365 M.Phil level students (All students studying in the sampled departments) and twenty five university teachers, teaching at M.Phil level (one teacher from each sampled department) formed sample of the study. Procrastination Assessment Scale for Students (PASS) was adopted to collect quantitative data from the students and semi-structure interviews of the teachers were conducted for qualitative section. Data were collected through mail and personal visits and analyzed by using SPSS. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Major findings and conclusions of the study revealed that majority of the students at university level are the high procrastinators in all the six identified academic tasks. The main causes for academic procrastination were dependency and help seeking, risk-taking, socialization, pleasant verses boring tasks, fail to prioritize, lack of focus, socialization, poor time management, no check and balance from parents, leniency of the teachers, not clear goals, carelessness, and lack of motivation. Strong negative correlation was found between academic procrastination and academic achievement, furthermore, students’ wish to change their attitude of academic procrastination. The study recommended that teachers, parents and students themselves take the responsibility to avoid academic procrastination and a course to overcome the attitude of academic procrastination may be introduced at university level within the framework of mentoring services for building up competency and commitment of students and teachers, through research based powerful programs, conducting empirical studies in sampling physical sciences and professional programs on a larger sample in Punjab and elsewhere, comparison of public and private universities, in-depth case studies of risk cases and developing research based training manual were suggested for further research in this area.