لفٹنٹ کرنل خواجہ عبدالرشید
عزیزم میاں اسلم سلمہ(پروفیسر محمد اسلم)کا۱۴/مارچ کالکھا ہوا خط ۱۹/ مارچ کو لاہور سے علی گڑھ میں موصول ہواتواس میں لکھا تھا کہ کل یعنی ۱۳/مارچ کو خواجہ عبدالرشید کاانتقال ہوگیا۔پڑھتے ہی جی دھک سے ہوکر رہ گیا اور گزشتہ چالیس برس کے عہد اخوت ومحبت کاایک ایک واقعہ یادآکر دل کو اشک خون رُلا گیا۔اخبارات نے ان کی عمر ستربرس لکھی ہے۔مرحوم خوب تندرست اور توانا تھے لیکن چندبرس سے ان کی بینائی خودبخود کم ہونی شروع ہوئی۔ وہ خود بھی بڑے پایہ کے ڈاکٹرتھے اورنامی گرامی ماہرین چشم سے مشورہ بھی کیا مگر کوئی فائدہ نہیں ہوا۔مارچ۱۹۸۱ء میں جب ان سے لاہور میں آخری ملاقات ہوئی اس وقت ان کی نگاہ برائے نام رہ گئی تھی، چند ماہ کے بعد ہی نابینا ہوگئے۔ آدمی تھے بے حدحساس، نفسیاتی طورپراس حادثہ کاان کے دل ودماغ اورصحت پرغیر معمولی اثر ہوا۔ آخراس صدمہ اوررنج میں ان پر فشار قلب کا حملہ ہوا۔اسپتال میں داخل کیے گئے، وقت موعود آچکا تھا، چاردن کے بعد انتقال سے چارگھنٹے پہلے کلمہ طیبہ کاورد زبان پر تھا پھرزبان بند ہوگئی اوراسی عالم میں جان جاں آفریں کے سپرد کردی۔ اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔
ایک عربی شاعر نے اس قسم کے مواقع کے لیے کیاخوب کہاہے
الی اﷲ اشکوالاالی الناس اَنَّنِیْ
اری الارض تبقی والا خلاء تذھب
لوگوں سے نہیں،میں اﷲ سے ہی اس بات کی فریاد کرتاہوں کہ (یہ کیا غضب ہے) زمین تو اپنی جگہ قائم ہے لیکن دوست ہیں کہ ایک ایک کرکے سدھاررہے ہیں۔
مرحوم لاہور کے ایک نامی گرامی خاندان کے چشم وچراغ تھے ان کے برادر بزرگ خواجہ عبدالوحید صاحب مرحوم ایک اعلیٰ درجہ کے سرکاری افسر ہونے کے علاوہ انگریزی زبان کے بلندپایہ صاحب قلم اوراسلامیات کے بڑے فاضل تھے، ملازمت سے سبکدوش ہونے کے بعد برسوں تک انگریزی میں ایک ہفتہ...
Arabian Peninsula was famous for its language expertise and linguistic expressions at the time of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). The poets and language experts would spend most of their lives to attain excellence in Arabic language and literature. It was during such time that a man named Muhammad (ﷺ) emerged, whose linguistic expression was remarkable, accurate and amazing. He was also quite familiar with the dialects and accents of every tribe of Arabia. It was the surprising effect of this linguistic excellence that people tagged him with different titles such as Poet, Sorcerer, Kāhin (soothsayer), Majnūn (One possessed by Jinn), and insane man with insane message. Allah Almighty revealed Qur’ānic verses not only to answer such allegations but also entrusted him to present commentary of the Holy Qur’ān to the people who would called him illiterate. This article will try to find out the Qur’ānic commentary on the linguistic expressions of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) as a miracle of revelation. The method of research is descriptive analytical and historical. The discussion of verses of Qur’ān and the explanations of the experts of Qur’ān through the comments of orientalists have been included to support the arguments. First Part of the paper discusses status of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) as an illiterate man with his remarkable linguistic expressions of Qur’ān due to which he was awarded different titles such as poet, sorcerer and insane. The second part explains the Qur’ānic response to accusations on Prophet (ﷺ) raised by the opponents. In the third part, some intellectual arguments of Qur’ān and opinions of orientalist have been discussed to support the Qur’ānic responses in favor of linguistic expressions of an “Ummi” Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) which is followed by findings and conclusion of the whole discussion.
The effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation in practical diet of Labeo rohita fingerlings was experimentally evaluated in this study. The study was conducted in three feeding trials which lasted 60 days each. The basal diet was same for all feeding trials. In the first feeding trial, two adequate levels (100, 150 mg/kg) and two high levels (1000, 1500 mg/kg) of vitamin E with a control level (0 mg/kg) were fed in a completely randomized design (CRD). In the second trial, two levels of lipids (8 and 16%) and three levels of vitamin E (0, 100, 1000 mg/kg) were supplemented in a 2×3 factorial arrangement. In the third feeding trial, three levels of oil oxidation (11.7, 56.3, 111.5 meq/kg) and dietary vitamin E (0, 100, 1000 mg/kg) were used in an 3×3 factorial arrangement. Adequate levels of dietary vitamin E increased growth performance of Labeo rohita when compared to the high levels of vitamin E. Also supplementation of vitamin E linearly increased the liver and muscle α-tocopherol level. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant enzyme activities were decreased with adequate vitamin E supplementation, which increased proportionately with increase in vitamin E concentrations. The percentages of poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were higher in vitamin E supplemented diets than control. In the second feeding trial, fish fed the 16% lipid diets showed significantly higher growth than fish fed the 8% lipid diets. Increasing the dietary supplemental levels of fish oil decreased (p<0.05) the liver α-tocopherol content, but had no effect on muscle α-tocopherol level. The TBARS and antioxidant enzyme activities increased with increasing dietary fat levels. The PUFA percentages increased significantly with increased levels of dietary fish oil. In third feeding trial, growth of fish fed fresh fish oil and low oil oxidation level were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of fish fed highly oxidized oil. Among highly oxidized oil (111.5 meq/kg) containing treatments, fish feeding on 1000 mg/kg vitamin E showed better growth performance. Oil oxidation caused a significant reduction in the concentrations of α-tocopherol in fish liver and muscles. Ingestion of oxidized oil resulted in higher TBARS levels, antioxidant enzyme activities and muscular PUFA, in particular, DHA while dietary vitamin E supplementation abrogated these effects. In conclusion, vitamin E supplementation reduced the lipid peroxidation, enhanced the growth performance and improved the meat quality of L. rohita fingerlings irrespective of the level and quality of fish oil; however, the required level of vitamin varied depending upon dietary level of fish oil and level of oil oxidation.