ویکھو اس دی ٹور
کیڈا ہے منہ زور
بندہ سب تے حاوی
بھانویں ہے کمزور
سب دا مالک اللہ
ہتھ اوہدے وچ ڈور
عشق اساڈا جیوں کر
چن دے مگر چکور
عشق جلاویں اگیں
جیندے پے گیا کھور
دشمن آپے بندا
ویری نہیں کوئی ہور
پیار رچایا ہڈیں
اندر ہر اک پور
ہنجوں حنیف نوں یارو
اندروں دتا کھور
This research work aims to investigate the impact of privatization on the performing efficiency of MCB Bank Limited Privatization and the phenomenon of denationalization after the failure of socialism and communism globally. As the direction of enteritis was predetermined by state which in long term affected the performance of state-owned entities on many fronts even they reached at the verge of collapse and state was compelled to inject capital for their survival. Ultimately the state took drastic steps and initiated the process of denationalization and privatization to keep the industry intact in the changed scenario. In 1974, during Z.A. Bhutto regime Pakistan’s banking industry was nationalized with prime objective to address the issues of backward segments of economy but unfortunately after privatization industry was used for political motives and witnessed poor performance and financial indiscipline due to frequent interference in the affairs of banks particularly in lending activities and hiring of inefficient human resources. Resultantly banks failed to deliver as per expectation of masses and could not deliver quality customer services on one hand and accumulation of infected portfolio on the other which in turn swallowed the profitability and the capital of banks. It is revealed that bank has tremendously performed in all Key Performing Indicators, it has improved its profitability manifold, deposit base is significantly enhanced and became more liquid and solvent.
Present study was designed to investigate the relationship of multiple intelligence and effective study skills
with the academic achievement among the university students. Study was descriptive correlational in nature
in which scientific method was used to achieve the research objectives.
The first objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of multiple intelligence , effective study
skills and academic achievement of university students, second objective was to measure the impact of
multiple intelligence and effective study skills on the academic achievement of university studentsand the
third objective was to investigate the role of demographic variation such as gender, discipline, family income,
birth order, parents’ qualification and profession in determining the levels and dimensions of multiple
intelligence, effective study skills and academic achievement.
In this study a stratified random sample of 250 male (104) and female (146) university students were
collected from 4 selected private and public sector universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Family income
of Students ranged from 50,000 to 150,000. The study was delimited to Master level students studying in the
fourth semester only. In this research for the measurement of multiple intelligence “Simple Multiple
Intelligence Inventory” based on 80 items developed by Gardner was used and for the measurement of
effective study skills an inventory named as,” Study Skills” based on 51 items developed by Congos was used.
The students’ academic achievement was measured through their results of first three semesters (students
result was taken as measure their academic achievement).
After data collection it was analyzed with the help of SPSS 16 by applying various statistical tests such as,
Percentile Analysis, Mean, SD, Linear Regression, and Pearson Correlation. On the basis of findings, it was
found that there is positive relationship between multiple intelligence, study skills and academic achievement
in the context of Master level university students. The students of private sector universities possessed more
effective study skills and higher score on the academic achievement as compared to the students of public
sector universities. Present research is significant due to its uniqueness it can bring new avenues in the
teaching learning process. University management can provide creative competitive environment to the
learner so learner can develop their intelligence and exercise study skill in their course of studies.