ڈاکٹر ضیاء الدین مرحوم
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ ۲۴؍ دسمبر ۱۹۴۰ء کو ڈاکٹر سر ضیاء الدین مرحوم نے بعارضہ فالج لندن میں انتقال کیا، مرحوم اپنے علمی کمال میں ہندوستان کے مشاہیر میں تھے، وہ تعلیم کے ماہر اور ریاضیات کے ممتاز فاضل تھے، انھوں نے اپنی تعلیم کے زمانہ میں ان فنون میں ہندوستان اور یورپ کی درسگاہوں میں جو امتیازات حاصل کئے، وہ اس دور میں کم ہندوستانیوں کو حاصل ہوئے تھے، چند دنوں جامعہ ازہر میں بھی رہے تھے، اس لئے عربی سے بھی کچھ واقف تھے، ان کی پوری زندگی علم و تعلیم کی خدمت میں گزری اور وہ نصف صدی سے زیادہ کسی نہ کسی حیثیت سے مدرسۃ العلوم اور اس کے بعد مسلم یونیورسٹی سے وابستہ رہے، کئی مرتبہ وائس چانسلر ہوئے، ابھی تھوڑے دن ہوئے کہ اس عہدہ سے سبکدوش ہوئے تھے، برسوں مجلس مقننہ کے ممبر رہے، مالیات میں ان کی رائے اور مشوروں کو خاص اہمیت حاصل تھی، ان کو اس زمانہ کے بڑے سے بڑے اعزاز حاصل ہوئے، جن سے یونیورسٹی کو بھی فوائد پہنچے اور ان کے دور میں اس کو بڑی ترقی ہوئی، ان کا آخری کارنامہ میڈیکل کالج کا قیام ہے، چند مہینے ہوئے جدید تعلیمی نظام کے مطالعہ کے لئے یورپ اور امریکہ گئے تھے، کہ لندن میں پیام اجل آپہنچا۔
مرحوم اس دور کی پیداوار تھے، جب مسلمانوں پر مغربی تمدن مسلط تھا، اور اس کا سب سے بڑا مرکز علی گڑھ تھا، لیکن انھوں نے اس کا بہت کم اثر قبول کیا، اب تو ضعیفی کی عمر تھی، وہ ہر زمانہ میں نہ صرف عقیدے بلکہ ظاہری وضع قطع میں بھی مسلمان رہے، ان کی زندگی بڑی سادہ اور بے تکلف تھی، ان کی سادگی میں ایک صاحبِ کمال کی شانِ بے نیازی پائی جاتی تھی، شخصی طور پر بھی ان...
Pashtun Ulama have always been in the service of Islam. The origin of Pashtun people in Pakistan is the province of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa formerly known is North West Frontier Province (NWFP). Pashtun Ulama have served Islam on different fronts; some have done Jihad against the non-Muslims, some of them have offered their services in the field of Islamic education, ie, teaching in Madrassas, while some have served Islam via their writing commentary of Qur’ān, explanation of Ḥadīth and juristic problems. This article discusses the worthy contributions of one of the great commentators of Qur’ān Shaykh Ḥāfiẓ Muḥammad Idrīs, who belonged to Mardan in the Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, He lived in the 19th century. The article encompasses a detailed biography of the writer and his worthy contribution in serving Qur’ān, Islam and Muslims focusing on his commentary on Qur’ān in Pashto language named as “Kashshāf Al Qur’ān”. The method used for the research is descriptive and qualitative. The review literature showed that such an esteemed and vigorous scientist of different sciences of Qur’ān and his valuable contributions are out of the reach of scholars and libraries that may lead to an irreparable loss of the Islamic legacy. The study came up with the outcomes of his efforts in the field exegesis of Qur’ān, and the way and pattern he followed in interpreting different meanings of the revealed literature. The study would help out Islamic scholars and will enrich the domain of the Qur’ān’s research with new thoughts and viewpoints
Water and nitrogen (N) are important limiting inputs of maize (Zea mays L.) production in semi-arid environment. Application of poultry manure in agriculture fields is potentially beneficial to agro-ecosystems, but challenging due to its excessive moisture, bad odor, transportation, inconsistent nutrient contents and phytotoxic substances, which may adversely affect the health of those who handle it. Composting as one of the agricultural best management practices (BMP) could overcome the above issues. To study the effects of nitrogen availability from poultry manure under different irrigation regimes in semiarid environment, two experiments were conducted in 2009 at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan in glass house. In first experiment maize hybrid were screened against their drought tolerance potential. In second experiment, composted and non-composted poultry manures were compared for N-availability to maize hybrids under different moisture regimes. Field experiment was carried out in 2010 and repeated in 2011 at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. One drought tolerant and one sensitive maize hybrid (H 1 = Monsanto-919 and H 2 = FH-810, respectively) were sown with three composted poultry manure (CPM) levels (L 1 = control with recommended NPK, L 2 = 8, L 3 = 10 and L 4 = 12 t ha -1 CPM) under three irrigation regimes (I 1 = 300, I 2 = 450 and I 3 = 600 mm). Statistical analysis of results revealed that H 1 showed maximum grain yield during both years (7.69 and 7.98 t ha -1 during 2010 and 2011, respectively) at I 3 with the application of recommended NPK. While the grain yield of H 1 during both years was greater with CPM than H 2 with the application of recommended NPK under I 2 . Grain oil and protein contents were almost statistically at par in both maize hybrids fertilized with L 1 and L 4 under I 1 condition. The nitrogen uptake was similar in both hybrids under controlled condition. Moreover, water use efficiency (WUE) was significantly enhanced with the application of CPM among different levels of CPM. The highest net benefit ($1788 ha -1 ) was achieved by recommended NPK treatment contrary highest marginal rate of return (35 %) was obtained by application of 600 mm irrigation water with 12 t CPM ha -1 .