أساليب الحافظ الزيلعي في نقد متون السنة من خلال نصب الراية

The methods of Al-Hafiz Al-Zaili in criticizing of text of the Sunnah as described in his book Nasbu Al-Raya in analyzing the hadiths of Hidayah. The science of criticism is well known science since the era of the Companions, and critics of the hadith of the honorable companions have played a very important role in the field of narration and carefully criticizing it. And by passage of the era of the Companions and beginning the era of the followers (tabieen), the criticism became more obvious depending on the growing need, especially after spreading of lie, and creation of fake hadith, which led the critics to further research and verification, for scrutiny between the narrations and then differentiation between the right and the weak. The imams and scholars of hadith from the era of the Companions till present continuously inheriting the approach of criticizing the narratives in succession of their predecessors, whether criticizing the narrators or the texts. I have seen that it is worthwhile to stand on the efforts and methods of one of the imams in his criticism of the hadiths and I have chosen the effort of Imam Hafiz al-Zaili through his book " Nasbu Al-Raya in analyzing the hadiths of Hidayah" to learn how he was using the standards traded among the scholars of Hadith for textual criticism of Sunnah. As the those denied the hadiths from orientalists and their followers and those who follow their example simply claim that the scholars of hadith did not criticize the Sunnah in true criticism and even if they have criticized the hadiths, their criticism was only concerning the narratives not the text, now it is clear through this article that the scholars of hadith did not leave the side of the text, but they criticized text as they criticized the attribution of the hadiths. They set solid rules, which remain scholarly proven and accurate forever. We will revolve in this article around the following topics: learning about Al Hafez Zaili and the science of criticism, methods of textual criticism according to Hafiz Zaili, by focusing on: Criticism of the hadiths for violating the explicit meaning of the Qur'an, or for contradicting the Sunnah, or for contradicting the explicit consensus, or for risking and exaggerating the promise or the warning of simple action, or lack thereof in books of hadith These are the most important rules sited by al-Hafiz al-Zaili, which he practiced and criticized the hadiths and distinguished them between the correct and the weak.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri in Characterization of Multiple Sclerosis Ms Plaques in Determining Their Impact on Cognitive Functions

BACKGROUND Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is also known as encephalomyelitis disseminate, is a white matter disease of brain and spinal cord. It has an extremely variable clinical course and relapsing remission in nature. MS onset usually occurs in young adults females. MS can present with any neurological symptoms or signs, involving motor and sensory systems. The diagnosis of MS in Asian population, particularly in Pakistan, is still debatable. Different techniques including history and clinical examination are initial investigations but the advancement of MRI techniques has revolutionized the early detection and treatment of MS considering its type and the course of the disease. OBJECTIVES The object of this study is to characterize MS lesions, particularly in temporal lobes and its impact on cognitive impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted in the Radiology Department of King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore after approval from ethical committee. Patients from all affiliated departments of Neurology & Medicine in the Lahore city Hospitals, encatchment areas where MRI facilities were available in the hospitals in the Punjab province were analyzed. All collected data was analyzed by SPSS version 17. RESULTS: The minimum age was 18 years while maximum age was 65 years with mean age of 43.07 ± 13.88 years. It was more common in females (57 %) as compared to males. MS is associated with different factors including smoking (19%), Alcohol-intake (2%) and Viral Infections (8%). Clinically are most of the patients present with weakness and numbness (53%) and (69%) respectively. However another significant presentation is blurring of vision i.e. about 48%. MS plaque is predominantly supratentorial region of brain (97%) however infratentorial entity is also present (16%). It can involve deep white matter, periventricular and juxtacortical region of temporal lobe and more frequent in periventricular(96%) and deep white matter(95%) and they are detected efficiently on T2WI and flair sequences. Musculoskeletal and vision disturbance is strongly associated with MS plaques. CONCLUSION: MS is disease of young to middle age predominantly in females causing musculoskeletal and sensory neural complications diagnose efficiently on T2WI and flair MR sequences.