حق دی گل
’’ہائے ہائے‘‘ تے ’’اوئی اوئی‘‘ دیاں کوکاں سن کے، متھے تے چٹی پٹی بنھی ویکھ کے، سجا ہویا منہ سامنے والے دو دند ٹتے ہوئے تے لت اتے پلتر بنھیا ہویا ویکھ کے تسیں میرے کولوں ایہہ ضرور پچھو گے جے مینوں ہویا کیہ اے۔ کل تک تے چنگا بھلا ساں۔
میرے بھراؤ! ہویا کجھ وی نئیں تہاڈیاں ساریاں گلاں دا جواب ایہہ وے پئی ہویا صرف اینا جے پچھلے کچھ دناں توں ساڈے اتے ایہہ گل ظاہر ہوئی۔ پئی ساڈے وچ اک اچا تے سچا لیڈر بنن دیاں ساریاں خوبیاں موجود نیں ایہناں وچوں ساریاں توں چنگی خوبی ساڈے اپنے خیال وچ ایہہ سی بھئی ساڈے وچ حق دی گل کہن دی صلاحیت اﷲ میاں نے لوڑ توں ودھ بھردتی اے۔ اسیں اپنی ایس خوبی نوں بڑا ای گھٹ ورتیا سی۔ اسیں ایہہ فیصلہ کیتا جے اگوں توں جدوں ویلا لبھیا اپنی ایس خوبی نوں جی داراں وانگوں ورتاں گے۔
ساریاں توں پہلاں تے سانوں اپنی ایہہ خو بی جگ نوں وکھاون د اموقعہ اک سینما وچ ملیا۔ فلم نویں سی تے بھیڑ بہتی سی۔ اسیں ٹکٹ لے کے اک پاسے کھلو گئے کیوں جے ہالی پہلا...
Tuberculosis (TB) is a lethal disease and developing countries are struggling to overcome this health hazard especially in rural areas and faced globally. Therefore, serious measures are required to reduce this global health hazard. Millary and pulmonary are the most common types of tuberculosis occurring globally. X-ray is the preliminary method to detect tuberculosis; however, the diagnosis is quite often subject to human error. In contrast, the chances of curing Tuberculosis depend on its timely and accurate diagnosis. Therefore, an intelligent machine learning algorithm is developed in this study to assist the clinician in an accurate TB identification in x-ray images. The proposed method pre-processes the X-ray image, enhances its quality and extracts the features of each class which are further passed on to a Deep Convolutional Neural Network-based design for the X-ray image classification, followed by the identification of the tuberculosis type i.e. Millary, Cavitary, Healthy. The classification accuracy for the developed method resulted in 88% and 89% for millary and cavitary TB diseases in x ray images.
The present investigation was an effort to explore the health claims of vitamin K enriched dietary sources i.e. cooked spinach and fermented soybean/natto against the menace of vitamin K deficiency. Initially, spinach and soybean were characterized with special reference to vitamin K contents followed by product development and finally bioefficacy study for the management of blood coagulation and vitamin K dependent proteins. The nutritional analysis indicated that spinach has ample amount of moisture followed by protein and fiber whereas soybean contains higher amount of protein and fat contents. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification of vitamin K revealed that phylloquinone was higher in spinach as compared to soybean. Amongst antioxidant extracts, methanolic extracts of spinach and soybean showed higher total phenolic, 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and antioxidant activities. During product development phase, four dietary products i.e. cooked spinach (T 1 ), reconstituted spinach (T 2 ), natto A (T 3 ) and natto B (T 4 ) were formulated. Characterization of soybean based prepared products showed improvement in nutritional status due to fermentation as compared to raw material. In the formulated products, cooked spinach (T 1 ) and natto A (T 3 ) attained higher scores for sensory profile from each category. On the basis of nutritional characterization, vitamin K contents and antioxidant potential, two best products i.e. T 1 and T 3 one from each raw material were selected for efficacy study. Bioevaluation study was carried out involving New Zealand rabbits through two sequential trials for validity of the results. Accordingly, two types of studies were conducted on the basis of different groups of rabbits i.e. study I (normal rabbits) and study II (vitamin K deficient rabbits). Moreover, three different types of dietary sources namely cooked spinach a source of phylloquinone (D 2 ), natto for menaquinone-7 (D 3 ) and synthetic menadione (D 4 ) along with control (D 1 ) were provided to the respective groups. Feed & water intakes and body weights of rabbits varied significantly (p<0.05) with vitamin K dietary sources in study II while these traits behaved non-significantly in study I. The blood coagulation parameters including bleeding, clotting and prothrombin & partial thrombinplastin times and international normalized ratio (INR) were significantly (p<0.05) reduced due to vitamin K enriched dietary sources in vitamin K deficient rabbits (study II) except fibrinogen level that was improved. The serum phylloquinone levels were increased momentously (p<0.05) during study I & II (trial 1) by 23.78, 16.71 & 10.64 and 47.58, 36.42 & 27.71% in D 2 , D 3 & D 4 groups, respectively as compared to control. Similarly, serum menaquinone-7 level was improved in D 2 , D 3 and D 4 groups by 2.59, 17.77 & 1.11 in study I and 12.74, 24.50 & 10.78% in study II (trial 1). The vitamin K dependent proteins i.e. osteocalcin was increased whilst, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) were decreased due to vitamin K enriched dietary sources. Likewise trend for these traits was noticed in trial 2 of both studies. The liver & kidney functioning tests and hematological values were within normal range. From the present exploration, it is concluded that vitamin K enriched dietary sources containing menaquinone-7 and phylloquinone are effective to improve the serum vitamin K status and ameliorate the coagulation and vitamin K dependent proteins related abnormalities.