ڈاکٹرسیدعبداللطیف
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مہینہ ڈاکٹر سید عبداللطیف بھی بیاسی برس کی عمر میں رحلت گزائے عالم جاودانی ہوگئے۔ موصوف کرنول کے ایک ممتاز خانوادہ شریعت و طریقت کے فردِ فرید تھے۔ خود بڑے فاضل نامور مصنف اورانگریزی زبان کے ادیب اوراس کے نکتہ شناس تھے۔ ایک عرصہ تک عثمانیہ یونیورسٹی حیدرآباد دکن میں انگریزی زبان کے استاد اور پھر پروفیسر وصدر شعبہ رہے۔اسی زمانہ میں انھوں نے انگریزی میں غالبؔ پرایک کتاب لکھی جس میں کلیم الدین احمد کی طرح غالبؔ کومغربی فنِ تنقید کی کسوٹی پر پرکھنے کی کوشش کی گئی تھی اور اسی بنا پر اردو زبان وادب کے حلقوں میں اس کتاب نے بیزاری کے جذبات پیدا کردیے تھے۔راقم نے بھی سب سے پہلے موصوف کانام اسی عنوان سے سنا تھا۔ اس کے بعد ان کانام اس حیثیت سے سنا کہ انھوں نے تہذیبی منطقوں کی بنیاد پر ہندوستان کی تقسیم کاایک خاکہ مرتب کیا تھا۔اس خاکہ کی وجہ سے مرحوم کو بڑی شہرت حاصل ہوئی لیکن تقسیم کے بعد ان کی زندگی میں ایک انقلاب پیدا ہوااور انھوں نے اپنی زندگی، یہاں تک کہ اپنا سرمایہ بھی اسلام کی خدمت کے لیے وقف کردیا۔اس سلسلہ میں انھوں نے مولانا ابوالکلام آزاد کی معرکۃ الآرا تفسیر سورۂ فاتحہ کاانگریزی میں ترجمہ کیا اورپھرخود بھی پندرہ بیس برس کی محنت کے بعد پورے قرآن مجید کاانگریزی ترجمہ ایک مفصل اورمفید مقدمہ کے ساتھ شائع کیا۔ زبان اوراسلوب کے اعتبارسے یہ ترجمہ قرآن مجید کے تمام انگریزی تراجم میں بڑی اہمیت رکھتا ہے ۔علاوہ ازیں ’قرآن مجید کی تعلیمات‘ اور’اسلامی کلچر‘ بھی بڑی قابل قدر کتابیں لکھی ہیں۔
وفات سے چند برس پہلے سخت ضعفِ بصارت کے علاوہ چند درچند اسقام وعوارض کامجموعہ ہوکر رہ گئے تھے لیکن کام کی دھن اور لگن ایسی تھی کہ اس عالم میں بھی اپنے خاص تلامذہ...
The enormous development in the telecommunications and media technology reduced disparities between time and space, in the age of the Internet and social networking it shaped an electronic community in the form of a real community. So, if dialogue is a religious principle then interaction and mutual understanding between nations and peoples is considered a goal in Islam, since God's wisdom in His creation that people are different, therefore sacred texts came encourage such interaction. Communication and interaction between peoples is an authentic human tendency, a continuous cultural movement and an effective mean of social coexistence, that strengthening the bonds of rapprochement and mutual understanding between human beings, that is why social communication is usually known as the mutual interaction between individuals, this interaction is a type of social networking through the media and various communication that develop and deepening the social connections.
In the past few decades, some remarkable developments in the fields of information technology, transportation and communication have led to the development of closer contacts between people all around the world. As a result of these developments and increased global integration, the world has started experiencing the effects of globalization more intensely than ever. In Pakistan, the most prominent micro-level effects of globalization can be observed on culture and consumption patterns. The present study aims to establish a nexus among globalization, consumption patterns and cultural changes. In doing so, the study itself developed its three key constructs. Using a sample of 257 respondents for the pilot study, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed on each dimension of the three major variables. Once the EFA results confirmed that the constructs developed during EFA can be used for further analysis, a total of 1402 (only 1321 were considered valid) responses were collected for the final analysis using a disproportionate stratified convenience sampling technique with equal allocation. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was then used to check the measurement models and the results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that globalization directly affects the culture of the society and brings cultural synchronization through media and technology.The results also showed that globalization directly affects consumption habits of the consumers which, in effect, induce pressure on the society of Pakistan to alter its traditional practices. In this sense, globalization was found to indirectly (through changes in consumption patterns) affect the culture of the society. Furthermore, this study also analyzes the role of the level of economic development in Pakistan that is directed towards intensifying the impact of globalization on the residents. It is found that the level of economic development is positively correlated with the intensity of this impact and the city Lahore (the most economically developed city among the three cities under consideration), followed by Rawalpindi and Multan, experiences the most intense effect of globalization on culture and consumptions of its residents. Apart from measuring the differential in the intensity of the impact of globalization on culture and consumption patterns on the consumers residing in different regions (with different level of development), the study also considers how, in response to globalization, respondents with different socio-demographic profiles experience a varying degree of changes in their overall life patterns. The results of the Binary Logistic Regression showed that individuals who are more educated and belong to the higher income group experience more prominent changes in their overall life patterns. The results of the study enable us to see how consumers in Pakistan are responding to globalization and its inevitable effects. Some recommendations to design public policy to benefit from this changing consumption patterns and culture are provided on the basis of the analysis, in order to optimize growth potential and maximize the benefits that Pakistan can achieve from globalization. The study concludes with some limitations and the guidelines for future research.