منشی عطاء اﷲ
افسوس ۲؍ فروری کو دارالمصنفین کے مخلص اور قدیم کارکن منشی عطاء اﷲ صاحب نے داعی اجل کو لبیک کہا، ان کا اصلی وطن کیرانہ ضلع مظفرنگر تھا، ۱۹۱۶ء میں دارالمصنفین میں پریس قائم ہوا تو ان کے بڑے بھائی منشی عبدالحفیظ صاحب مرحوم نے اس کے انصرام کی ذمہ داری قبول کی، ان ہی کے ساتھ یہ بھی اعظم گڑھ آکر شعبۂ طباعت سے وابستہ ہوئے، جب کبرسنی کی وجہ سے ملازمت ترک کرنی چاہی تو سید صباح الدین صاحب مرحوم کا شدید اصرار اس میں مانع ہوا، پھر اپنے سعادت مند فرزند ڈاکٹر محمد نعیم ندوی کے اصرار سے گھر پر آرام کرنا منظور تو کرلیا لیکن ان کا دل دارالمصنفین ہی میں لگا رہتا تھا، اس لیے جب تک قوت رہی برابر دوسرے تیسرے روز یہاں آتے رہے، وہ طبعاً نیک، صلح پسند اور دیندار تھے، اپنی دینداری کی وجہ سے اپنے اکلوتے بیٹے ڈاکٹر محمد نعیم ندوی کو حفظ کرانے کے بعد ندوہ میں داخل کیا، جو فراغت کے بعد دارالمصنفین کے رفیق رہے اور اب ابوظہبی کے محکمۂ شرعیہ سے وابستہ ہیں، منشی عطاء اﷲ صاحب اپنی نیکی، بھلمنساہت اور ملنساری کی وجہ سے شہر میں مقبول تھے، اﷲ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے اور متعلقین کو صبر جمیل عطا فرمائے۔
(ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، فروری ۱۹۹۲ء)
The conquest of Makkah is an extraordinary and unprecedented event of the Muslim history in which the Holy Prophet (PBUH) demonstrated his political discernment and strategy that Islam is an unassailable entity that can never be eradicated. Your democratic engagement in the conquest of Makkah facilitated the establishment of a government of peace and reconciliation in Arabia, which led the Arabs to grow submissive to the Sharia. They all became Muslims as a consequence of your political participation; hence, Makkah's government was then altered and structured accordingly with Islamic principles. The political role of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in the conquest of Makkah has been addressed in this article. The methodology chosen to go ahead with this piece was astounding. However, the challenge faced during the research was: Muslims in the modern age encounter a slew of political issues. And as a result, Politicians, if they try, can overcome their challenges by remembering the Holy Prophet's (PBUH) political involvement in the Conquest of Makkah. Keywords: The Holy Prophet (PBUH), political problems, The Conquest of Makkah, Modern era.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis which progresses to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) afflicting > 170 million people worldwide. HCV 3a is the most common genotype (about 70% of all genotypes) circulating in Pakistan. Expression of HCV individual gene of 3a would facilitate therapeutic and vaccines strategies against chronic HCV and liver Cirrhosis. The aim of the present study was the establishment of stable Huh-7 cell lines expressing structural and non structural proteins of HCV Genotype 3a Pakistani isolate obtained from chronic HCV patients. Blood samples were obtained from chronic HCV-3a positive patients. HCV individual genes were amplified using PCR with gene specific primers having restriction sites and kozak sequence. These gene amplicons were cloned in TA and mammalian expression vector PcDNA3.1+. Restriction digestion analysis and sequencing results confirmed the successful cloning of HCV genes in PcDNA3.1 vector. Huh-7 cell lines were transfected with these constructed plasmids having structural or non-structural HCV genes in confluent cells with lipofectamine. Positive clones were selected with G418 and then confirmed by genome PCR. Subsequently, transcription and expression of the integrated genes were demonstrated by RT-PCR, sequencing and Western blot analysis. We successfully cloned and expressed seven HCV-3a genes in PcDNA3.1 mammalian expression vector. Results of western blot and sequencing PCR confirmed the stable expression of these seven genes. Various cytokines like Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF- β), leptin and Angiotensin were used as indicator of disease progression in huh-7 cells stably expressing HCV structural and nonstructural proteins in vitro. Collectively, these observations suggest a significant involvement of HCV huh-7/Core, huh-7/E2 and huh-7/NS5A in the up-regulation of gene expression proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and profibrotic TGF-β. No significant change in the expression of Angiotensin-II in vitro was observed. Up-regulation of leptin was observed in huh-7/E2 cell line only. The stable cell-lines expressing HCV-3a individual genes would be a useful tool to investigate the role of various HCV proteins on HCV disease outcome and testing of new therapeutic strategies against HCV.