سعید الحق دیسنوی
حضرت سید صاحب رحمۃ اﷲ علیہ کے ایک لائق عزیز سعیدالحق دیسنوی پاکستان ریڈیو میں ایک بڑے عہدہ پر ممتاز تھے، ان کو حضرت سید صاحب سے قلبی لگاؤ تھا، انھوں نے ان پر انگریزی اخبارات و رسائل میں کئی مضمون لکھے، ان کی مشہور تصنیف خطبات مدراس کا انگریزی میں ترجمہ کیا، جو شائع ہوچکا ہے، ان کی دوسری تصنیف عرب و ہند کے تعلقات کا بھی ترجمہ کیا جو بالاقساط اسلامک کلچر حیدرآباد میں شائع ہوا، مشرقی پاکستان کی سلیمان اکیڈمی کے بھی بانیوں میں تھے، افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مہینہ ان کا انتقال ہوگیا اور ان کی ذہانت اور صلاحیت سے جو امیدیں تھیں وہ پوری نہ ہوسکیں، ان کی کل عمر اٹھاون سال تھی، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، اپریل ۱۹۶۸ء)
This research aims to find out whether gender diversity, audit committees, institutional ownership, and employee pressure has a significant effect on the sustainability report. This research method is a quantitative research by taking samples using a purposive sampling technique based on predetermined characteristics of 20 companies listed in the LQ-45 index for 2019-2022. The type of data used is secondary data and the method of analysis used is panel data regression using Eviews. The results of the study show that the calculation of the hypothesis, namely gender diversity, has no significant effect on the sustainability report with a significant level of 0.5341> 0.05. The audit committee has no significant effect on the sustainability report with a significant level of 0.6224>0.05. Institutional ownership has no significant effect on the sustainability report with a significant level of 0.1466>0.05. Employee pressure has a positive and significant effect on the sustainability report with a significant level of 0.0105<0.05. For simultaneous testing, an F count of 3.812784 is obtained with a probability of 0.000022 <0.05, meaning that gender diversity, audit committee, institutional ownership, and employee pressure simultaneously influence the sustainability report.
This study investigates the evolutionary process of financial risk management practices connected with different aspects of risk management and financial performance across the financial sector of Pakistan. Despite the growing number of risk management practices in the financial sector in recent years, financial risk management was still at an early stage of development and further research is recommended. The literature review identifies a gap in the financial risk management literature, prompting the development of a theoretical framework to investigate key aspects critical to effective implementation of the risk management. A risk management framework was developed to address key shortcomings of the existing risk management practices in the financial sector and to provide practical guidance to academics and practitioners. The research was conducted as a two-stage empirical study in the finance industry, employing a mixed method of data collection and analysis. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire from the staff members of the financial institutions working in various departments to understand the Risk-Management practices adopted by the financial institutions. The sample size was composed 318 staff members. The questionnaire data was analyzed by adopting the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Regression model to examine the different aspects of Risk-Management practices. Secondary data was collected from the annual financial reports of the selected financial institutions for ten-years from 2006-2015. The sample of the study comprised 29 banks and 04 Development Financial Institutions (DFI’s). The secondary data was analyzed by utilizing the Panel Regression Model. The literature review supports the industry view of continuous internal and external pressures towards risk management implementation across financial institutions. The research findings confirm that risk management is perceived to have slowly transformed from a process of compliance to a strategic tool and become a source of value creation and competitive advantage. The study also shows that aligning risk management with core organizational strategies and risk culture have been the underlying factors driving a strategic risk management framework sustainable over time. Insufficient senior management support for risk management and inadequate Financial Risk Management: Impact on Financial Institutions in Pakistan ix dynamic risk culture identify as the greatest challenges to risk management sustainability. The study revealed that it is pivotal for financial institutions to formulate an effective Risk-Management system to identify, monitor, measure, evaluate and control different types of risks. The study also showed that effective risk management is valuable for the improvement of financial performance of the financial institutions working in Pakistan. The main contribution to the knowledge of this study is the risk management guidelines for its effective implementation. Specifically, this research offers academics and finance industry practitioners a better understanding of organizational factors critical to the implementation of a strategic risk management framework, supported by empirical evidence.