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Local Government System in Malakand Agency during Musharraf Regime An Appraisal

Thesis Info

Author

Muhammad Ayaz

Department

Pakistan Study Centre

Program

MA

Institute

University of Peshawar

Institute Type

Public

City

Peshawar

Country

Pakistan

Degree Starting Year

2004

Degree End Year

2006

Subject

Pak Studies

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-17 21:08:06

ARI ID

1676710783548

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تصنیفی وصحافتی زندگی کاآغاز

۱۹۱۸ ء میں وہ بجنور میں اپنے بڑے بھائی ابو الخیر کے پاس چلے گئے۔جہاں انہوں نے صحافت کو بطورپیشہ اپنا لیا۔۱۹۱۹ ء میں جبل پور چلے گئے جہاں انہوں نےکانگرس کے پرچہ ہفت روزہ تاج میں کام شروع کردیا اور ۱۹۲۰ ء تک مدیر کے فرائض انجام دیے۔[[1]]

مولانا کچھ عرصہ تحریک ہجرت میں بھی کام کرتے رہے۔ یہ ۱۹۲۱ ء کا زمانہ تھا کہ مولانا مودودی کا تعارف جمعیت العلمائے ہند کے قائدین مولانا مفتی کفایت اللہ اور مولانا احمد سعید سے ہوگیا۔ وہ مولانا کی صلاحیتوں سے بے حد متاثر ہوئے ۔اور انھیں جمیعت کے اخبار "مسلم" کی ادارت کی ذمہ داریاں سونپ دیں جو انہوں نے ۱۹۲۴ ء تک نبھائیں ۔[[2]]بعد ازاں جب مسلم الجمیعۃ بن گیا تو اس میں مولانا ادار ت کے فرائض انجام دیتے رہے ۔مولانا نے ۱۹۲۵ میں الجمیعۃ کے اداریوں میں "اسلامی قوت کا اصلی سر چشمہ " کے عنوان سے مسلسل مضامین شائع کیے جنھیں شبیر نیاری نے مرتب کیا ۔ ان مضامین کو کتابی شکل میں شائع کیا جس کا نام " اسلام کا سر چشمہ قوت"ہے ۔اس کتاب کے شائع ہونے سے پہلے "الجہاد فی الاسلام " کو ہی مولانا کی پہلی تصنیف خیا ل کیا جاتا ہے ۔[[3]]



[[1]]         ایضا ً۔

[[2]]          عبدالعزیزبلوچ، مفسرین عظام اوران کی تفسیری خصوصیات ، اسلامک پبلی کیشنز، لاہور، ص۱۹۸۔

[[3]]         فقیرمحمد ،اصول تفسیر وتاریخ تفسیر ،ترجمان القرآن، لاہور،۲۰۰۰ء، ص۱۳۳

Analisis Strategi Bisnis Sosial Media TikTok Shop pada Masyakarat Milenial Pekanbaru

Fenomena yang terjadi saat ini banyaknya orang yang lebih suka berbelanja online Lewat Marketplace yang ada di  Media Sosial dan bersaing dengan Fitur resmi E Commerce Seperti Shoope dan Tokopedia yang mendominasi Kekuatan Bisnis di Dunia Belanja Online , Sehingga bagaimana Strategi Bisnis di Tiktok Shop dalam bertarung dalam Dunia Bisnis online di Indonesia Khususnya di Kota Pekanbaru Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang Reponden yang berbelanja di Fitu Akun Media Sosial tiktok Shop dengan menggunakan rumus Lemeshow. Ketentuan analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh Strategi Bisnis yang dilakukan oleh Fitur Media Online terhadap Keputusan Berbelanja Warga Kota Pekanbaru  lifestyle milenial, tagline gratis ongkir dan peran endorser terhadap keputusan pembelian produk fashion di Tiktok Shop pada Masyarakat Kota Pekanbaru Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai Fhitung> Ftabel atau 61,702 > 2,70 dan nilai signifikansi (sig.) <α = (0,05) atau 0,000 <0,05. Koefisien determinasi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,658 atau 65,8%  dan 34,2% dipengaruhi oleh  faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini.

A Case Study of Alternative Assessment Practices in a Ccac Graduate Primary Science Classroom, in a Community-Based School in Pakistan

It is believed by many educationists that the traditional assessment approaches are less effective in students' learning. The contemporary trend in education favours the practice of alternative forms of assessment for improved students' learning outcomes. However, in the context of Pakistan traditional forms of assessment are being practiced in the classroom, which is considered a hindrance towards the holistic development of the learner and for the overall quality education in the country. The main aim of this study was to explore a science teacher's purposes, practices, challenges and opportunities of implementation of alternative assessment, who has participated in AKU-IED's Certificate in Classroom Assessment Course to contribute towards the understanding of implementation of alternative assessments in developing country context and subsequently to improve students' learning. A qualitative case study approach was used to explore the research topic. A primary level science teacher of a community based high school in Karachi, Pakistan was the primary participant, while the vice principal, section head of primary, a science teacher and a group of students of the school, formed the secondary participants. The data was collected through classroom observation, interviews, document analysis, field notes and reflective journal. The study revealed that, the research participant used alternative assessment for variety of purposes such as to enhance students' learning, providing feedback and grading. Questioning was practiced for getting students' attention and promoting thinking skills. Self assessment was used for giving students responsibility of their own learning and performance assessment was practiced to provide students opportunities to demonstrate variety of skills. The opportunities for implementing alternative assessment included teacher's professional development, which developed her basic understanding and skills for planning and implementation of alternative assessment. The skills included developing open ended questions, designing objectives based assessment tasks, setting clear learning targets and criteria which are aligned with her instructions and the provision of clear criteria and rubric based instructions to the students. Moreover, the features such as supportive school culture and autonomy for teacher to develop own syllabus, were seen to facilitate the process of alternative assessment in the classroom. The alternative assessment practices were also seen to facilitate student learning through their involvement in the activities, motivations towards their work and responsibility of their own learning. However, the study also revealed limited use of alternative assessment, such as lack of provision of opportunity for students to improve their work based on timely feedback. The challenges were limited