Impact of Holy Quran Recitation on Psychological Wellbeing Among Muslim Youth

The present study is aimed to examine the relation of Holy Qur’ān recitation and psychological wellbeing among the Muslim Youth. People find no time for offering prayers and reciting Holy Qur’ān because they are very busy in their daily routines and if they do so, they do it for short period of time when they are in some trouble. The objectives include firstly the exploration of the relationship of Holy Qur’ān recitation and psychological wellbeing. Second objective of the study is to explore the correlation of the Holy Qur’ān recitation with depression, anxiety and stress among young Muslims. Study sample comprises of 100 young Muslims (43 males and 57 females) falling between 17 and 25 years from Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Instruments used for data collection include psychological wellbeing scale by Kamman and Flett (1983) and DASS (depression anxiety stress scale) by Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) and a demographic sheet. Results of the study showed that significant positive relationship exists between Holy Qur’ān recitation and psychological wellbeing among young Muslims and Holy Qur’ān recitation negatively relates with depression, anxiety and stress. The present study findings support that those young Muslims who had more rate of Holy Qur’ān recitation were psychologically more stable as compared to non-frequent reciters. In the light of findings of current study, it can be declared as a quintessence that Holy Qur’ān Recitation can serve as an influential element in ensuring the positive mental health of youth. Educators and Policy makers can play a crucial role in promotion of Holy Qur’ān familiarity which will make certain the psychological and mental health of youth and of the society at large.

Estimation of Covariance Matrix and Inference About Regression Coefficients and Autocorrelation in Heteroskedastic Regression Models

Beta Exponentiated Weibull distribution (BEWD) is an extension of the exponentiated Weibull distribution which involves two additional shape parameters. Interestingly, the additional parameters control the tails weights of the distribution and affect skewness and kurtosis of the distribution. The five-parameter BEWD is a generalized distribution in modelling lifetimes of various industrial products. Its density and hazard curves are widely heterogeneous in their shapes. Three subfamilies of the BEWD family emerge under three parameter subspaces with the property that the members of each subfamily display similar density curves. It is found that some members of the BEWD family in one of the parameter subspaces approximately behave like a normal distribution. BEWD assumes decreasing, increasing or a bathtub behaviour. Using a sample hazard curve, and so a prior understanding of restrictions on the BEWD parameters we find estimates of parameters for fitting BEWD. These estimates based on maximum likelihood are essentially more efficient than when no such knowledge about the sample hazard curve is used. Characterizations based on truncated moments and hazard rate function are obtained. Simulation study of BEWD is performed in both ways; without the knowledge of parametric conditions and using parametric constraints and compare the results. Real data applications of the proposed approach support the better fitting of BEWD than other models. A generalization of BEWD is introduced in which a transmuted parameter is added and its behaviour is studied, named as Transmuted Beta Exponentiated Weibull Distribution (TBEWD). Different mathematical properties including moments, characteristic function, skewness, kurtosis and mode are being discussed. The transmuted parameter affects the basic characteristics, shape of density function and other properties of BEWD. Characterizations of TBEWD based on truncated moments and hazard rate function are also derived. The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is used to estimate the model parameters. Simulation Study is performed to test the efficiency of MLEs. Various aspects of this distribution are explored in the context of its applications, which include its subfamilies displaying reasonable similarity with regard to their hazard curves. The parametric restrictions so discovered are found useful in fitting this distribution. A number of applications of TBEWD model are also given.