مولانا آزاد سجانی
دوسرا حادثہ مولانا آزاد سبحانی کی وفات کا ہے، نئی پود کو کیا معلوم کہ ایک زمانہ میں مولانا کتنی بڑی شخصیت رکھتے تھے، اگر ان کے دل و دماغ میں توازن اور خیالات و عمل میں استقلال ہوتا تو ہندوستان کے چوٹی کے علماء اور لیڈروں میں ان کا شمار ہوتا، وہ بڑے ذہین اور وسیع النظر عالم معقولات کے ماہر اور سحربیان خطیب تھے، ان کی تقریر خطابت اور منطق کا مرقع ہوتی تھی، ایک زمانہ میں مدرسہ الٰہیات کانپور کے روح رواں اور مسجد کانپور کے واقعہ کے ہیرو تھے، ہندوستان کی جنگ آزادی میں بھی ان کا حصہ ہے تحریک ترک موالات میں اور اس کے بعد بھی کچھ دنوں تک گاندھی جی کے رفیق کار اور کانگریس کے سرگرم رکن رہے، مگر ان میں استقلال نہ تھا، کسی مسلک پر زیادہ دنوں تک قائم نہ رہتے تھے اور عجیب عجیب تحریکیں اختراع کرتے تھے، ادھر کئی سال سے اسلامی کمیونزم اور حکومت ربانی کے مبلغ بن گئے تھے اور اس پر ایک کتاب بھی لکھی تھی، مگر کسی تحریک کو عرصہ تک نہ چلا سکے اور سب کا خاتمہ ناکامی پر ہوا، ادھر عرصہ سے سب جماعتوں سے الگ ہوگئے تھے اور ان کی زندگی کا آخری دور گمنانی میں بسر ہوا، مگر اس حال میں بھی جب کہ بڑی شکستہ حالت میں حکومت ربانی کی تبلیغ کرتے پھرتے تھے جب کسی مسئلہ پر گفتگو کرتے تھے تو معلوم ہوتا تھا کہ کوئی بڑا مفکر اور فلسفی بول رہا ہے، ان کی خاموش موت دنیاوی شہرت کی بے ثباتی کا سبق آموز واقعہ ہے ایک زمانہ میں جس کی خطابت کی سارے ہندوستان میں دھوم تھی، اس کی موت کو اخبارات نے ایک معمولی واقعہ سے زیادہ اہمیت نہ دی اور بہتوں کو اس کی خبر بھی نہ ہونے...
Nelda B. Caasi
Palawan National School, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines
Parental factors impact students’ self-concept and academic performance during the pandemic. Thus, this study determined the students’ self-concept and academic performance and the parental factors related to it. The research design was descriptive-correlational, and 500 nonrandom college students in West Philippines participated in the study. Researcher-made instruments were used, which were subjected to reliability and validity evaluation. Data were collected online from June 2021 to July 2022 and were analyzed using descriptive (frequency counts and percentage) and inferential statistics (Spearman correlation). Results revealed a positive self-concept and satisfactory academic performance among the students. Besides, parental factors such as educational attainment and school/classroom involvement are significantly related to self-concept and academic performance. Further, self-concept is significantly associated with academic performance. This shows that some parental factors are vital in developing the student’s self-beliefs and supporting their studies and academic endeavors amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies may consider more factors related to academic achievement and self-concept. Other researchers may find the mediation or moderation effect of self-concept between parental factors and students’ scholastic achievement.
Among the major cucurbit vegetables, Cucumis melo has one of the highest polymorphic fruit types and botanical varieties. The present study was performed to evaluate the morphological and genetic diversity among different genotypes of Snapmelon (Cucumis melo var. momordica) taken from all the four provinces of Pakistan. For the morphological diversity various plant, leaf and fruit parameters were studied according to IPGRI-1998 plant descriptor. Data of these parameters was recorded in 40 genotypes of Snapmelon collected from different parts of the country. Young leaves of these genotypes were collected for DNA extraction through CTAB method, which was used for genetic analysis by SSR Markers. Principle component analysis was used to indicate the morphological diversity among 40 genotypes of Snapmelon collected from diverse origins of Pakistan. These showed the highest phenotypic diversity between the wild and the domesticated genotypes of Hyderabad and Nankana (tehsils), respectively. The morphological markers concluded the fact that the diversity exists in the landraces of Snapmelon in vegetative as well as in the reproductive characters. Moreover, the morphological markers revealed that most of the landraces of same geographical area clustered differently, which depicts the movement of the germplasm to other areas through various means. On the contrary, the results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that the few Snapmelon landraces collected from diverse regions clustered together which indicate some type of commonality of origin among the germplasm of those landraces. The results of this research also support the view that morphological and chemical contents in fruits are reliable in estimating genetic relationships among the landraces of Snapmelon and can be used efficiently for discrimination. This study showed that Pakistani Snapmelon germplasm is a rich source of variation for traits of economic interests. This conclusion came from the high significant differences among the Snapmelon germplasm analyzed for quantitative variables combined with high standard deviation values and the presence of two or more phenotypic classes per trait. SSR markers were also tested on Snapmelon germplasm which yielded valuable information on the genetic relationships of these landraces. The genetic analysis through principle coordinate analysis and dendrogram showed that the 13 wild landraces were distinguished from all domesticated landraces collected from various regions of the country. In conclusion, the genetic diversity exists in various traits of Snapmelon landraces which can be further exploited to develop new combinations through conventional or biotechnological tools.