Principles of Effective Management according to Quran and Sunnah

The aim of this conceptual paper is throw light on Islamic principles for effective human resource management. A qualitative approach was applied. The extensive review of existing literature shows that Islamic principles of HRM gives due importance to manager-employee relationship which is beneficial for achieving organizational objectives. Some important and significant principles of Islamic human resource management are trust, sincerity, justice, consultation, equality, division of labour, delegation of authority and remuneration or payment of employees. Islamic management is based on mutual trust between managers and subordinates. Manager and worker should be sincere to organization. Selection and recruitment is based on merit. Justice is the most salient and important characteristics of Islamic management. Islam stresses on mutual consultation in order to resolve existing problem in the organization. Islamic principles of management are expected to benefit the organization, the employer and the employee. The study will contribute information and knowledge to the existing literature on Islamic human resource management. This study will highlight the scope and application of Islamic principles of HRM in developing effective management system.

Social Networking and Entrepreneurial Opportunities: the Case of Women Entrepreneurs in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

This exploratory study aims to develop an understanding about entrepreneurial phenomena experienced by women of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. In order to explore the complexity of the phenomenon qualitative study is conducted to identify the networking issues faced by women entrepreneurs of KPK. This study also develops an insight about the networking activities being practiced by them and role of push and pull factors on networking process, and how does trust factor effect the process. As literature suggest there is sufficient research conducted on the topic of entrepreneurship but still many areas need further exploration. This study answers to the various calls made by researchers to identify networking process of women entrepreneurs working in different societies. Socio-cultural aspects were taken into the consideration to understand the dynamics of KPK, as it effects the life of every individual in every sphere of life. Woman being an entity are defined as physically weak, incapable and dependent on man in certain societies, therefore they face societal barriers more often than a man. In order to understand how does women orientation towards the venture development is effected by the contextual factors, in-depth, face to face interviews were conducted to explore the participants’ perception related to their startups, grounded theory approach was used to analyze the data. Study provides empirical evidence that: personality traits effect women decision making to become an entrepreneur, whereas their intention is being moderated by the push and pull factors that are embedded in social context, moreover, women social networking plays an important role in venture success and trust factor moderates the network ties. Based on grounded findings this study concludes that networking issues being faced by women entrepreneurs tend to perceive an opportunity is embedded in entrepreneurial context.