TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRUNK STABILIZATION EXERCISE AND GENERAL EXERCISE IN NON-SPECIFIC CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN-A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Aim of study: To identify the effectiveness of particular trunk stabilization versus a general exercise in low back pain management. Methodology: An experimental study was conducted at the physiotherapy department of Dow University of Health Sciences, 52 participants with low backache were enrolled and assessed for pain intensity using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and disability by using the Modified Oswestry Low Back Disability Index (MOLBDQ-I). Through equal randomization one group got their low back pain treated through trunk stabilization exercises while the other with general exercises, 3times/week* 4weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 by applying non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: This study demonstrated that males and females are equally affected by chronic low back pain. Trunk stabilizing and general exercise regimes both significantly reduced the pain and disability in the study population but the effectiveness of trunk stabilizing exercises were significantly superior in reducing pain. Limitations and Future Implications: Study did not include a control group that received no intervention. It would be valuable to assess the cost-effectiveness of trunk stabilization exercises compared to general exercises or other interventions. Originality: Trunk stabilizing exercises are superior in reducing pain, disability, and restoring functional mobility than general exercises in chronic back pain. Conclusion: Trunk stabilizing exercises are superior in reducing pain, disability, and restoring functional mobility than general exercises in chronic back pain.

گلگت بلتستان میں اردو شاعری

Gilgit Baltistan is a multilingual region of Pakistan .In this region Urdu poetry is promoting day by day. Urdu poetry of Gilgit Baltistan has a strong artistic and intellectual attachment with the main stream of Pakistani Urdu Poetry. On the other hand it has its own distinct tone and tradition according to its political, social and literal background. It is important to work on regional Urdu poetry and its stylistics for the improvement of Pakistani Urdu Poetry and literal trends. This research topic has been chosen to achieve this purpose. This study is based on the individual poetic attitudes, styles and themes of the Urdu poets of Gilgit Baltistan. To make the study comprehensive and authoritative and credible, the contents and chronological periods are classified as follows: In the first chapter geographical, historical and literary background of Gilgit Baltistan (beginning to 1948) has discussed. In the second chapter early Urdu poetry of Gilgit Baltistan (1948 to 1980 has reviewed. In the third chapter topics, themes and styles of Urdu poetry in Gilgit Baltistan (from 1980 to 2000), has been analyzed. The Fourth chapter analyses the latest themes, areas and styles of the Urdu Poetry of Gilgit Baltistan (from2000 to 2013). Finally the results of the research are compiled and some important recommendations have been presented.