نواب اخترؔ یارجنگ
حیدرآباد میں اودھ کے ایک مشہور ممتاز مینائی خاندان کے فرد فرید نے بھی ہماری دنیائے فانی کو الوداع کہا، منشی امیر احمد صاحب امیر مینائی کے خلف الرشید نواب اختر یار جنگ بہادر جنہوں نے دکن میں امیر مرحوم کی وفات کے بعد سے دکن کو شاہ دکن کی نوازشوں سے اپنا وطن بنالیا تھا اور معتمد امور مذہبی کی حیثیت سے سینکڑوں مفید خدمات انجام دیں اور ہر نیک کام کی امداد میں سبقت کی اور اب چند سال سے پنشن پاکر عزت کی زندگی بسر کررہے تھے، اب وہ ہمیشہ کے لیے بزم حیات سے رخصت ہوگئے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی نیک خدمات کا نیک صلہ عنایت فرمائے، وہ شاعر بھی تھے اور اختر تخلص کرتے تھے۔ (سید سلیمان ندوی،جولائی ۱۹۴۰ء)
The article titled: the rights of foetus in Islamic law, aims at explaining the rights of foetus without discussing different theories of the scholars in this regards. It also defines the foetus and gives literal and technical meanings besides different stages of foetus mentioned in the Holy Quran and the Hadith. The article explains the rights granted to foetus in the lights of serah before birth and these rights are a binding on the concerned people and violation of foetus’ s rights is prohibited and it is a cognizable offence. The article also discusses the attitude of west regarding foetus rights as the western society is totally ignorant about the rights of foetus and their legislation in this regard is contrary and several western laws are causing the violation of foetus’s rights. Thus, the champions of human’s rights are blind to the rights of foetus which is foundation and beginning of human life and first step for the human race. It is that has given these rights to mankind for the first time and informed human being about their rights through the first human’s rights charter given at the time of the Noble Prophet {blessing of Allah and peace be upon him}. This charter is known as the charter of Madina between the Muslims and the Jews. The article concludes: mankind cannot be protected unless the sperm of man is protected and foetus is protected in the womb of the mother from abortion because these are the future of humanity.
The study was conducted to establish the Relationship between School Climate and Students’ Achievement of Government & Private Secondary Schools in the Province of Punjab. The instrument used in the study was organizational climate descriptive questionnaire (OCDQ) adapted by the researcher. The province of Punjab, Pakistan was divided into three strata i.e. Central Punjab, South Punjab and North Punjab. From each stratum 4, 2 and 1 districts, aggregating to 7 districts i.e. (20%) of the population was selected using stratified random sampling. The total number of sample was 792 teachers and principals from the selected, government and private secondary school of Punjab. SPSS 16 was used to analyze the data. To measure the differences, MANOVA was applied to compare the mean difference of all the sub-variables of principals’ behavior and teachers’ behavior aspect with respect to gender and sector. To measure students’ achievement, board secondary school examination results for the year 2012-2013 from all the selected schools were taken. Pearson correlation was applied to measure the degree of relationship of organizational climate and students’ achievement. The demographic details of the sample with respect to gender, sector and districts were: female representation was 50.2% of the total sample and male representation was 49.8%. Government sector representation was 50.5% as against 49.5% private sector representation. . The mean score and SD of government sector respondents was (3.86, 0.90) while the Mean and SD of private sector respondents was (3.51, 0.84). The analysis revealed that there was significant strong positive relationship between school climate and students’ achievement of government and private Secondary Schools in the Province of Punjab. Similarly the principals’ and teachers behavior aspects and all there sub-factors were also significantly correlated with students’ achievement.