105. Al-Fil/The Elephant
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
105:01
a. Have you not considered the way your Rabb - The Lord dealt with the Army of the Elephant?
105:02
a. Did HE not utterly foil their evil plans by their own destruction?
105:03
a. When HE let loose upon them swarms of birds/insects flying from all directions,
105:04
a. pelting them with pebbles of hard-baked clay,
105:05
a. and, thus, HE turned them just like chewed-up chaff of cattle.
The word corruption is very comprehensive. It is the synonym of bribery, demoralization, sinfulness, wickedness, impurity, dishonesty, fraud, falsehood, embezzlement, illegal and criminal, etc. Currently in pakistan government & private sectors, high rank government employees, bureaucracy and political institutions, are involved in different kinds of corruption. Consequently, the economy of the courntry has been effected extremly. Therefore, there is no peace in the counrtry. CALVIN COOLIDGE said in his speech, in 1923: "Economy is always a guarantee of peace". (1) In this research article it would be searched that how the corruption in the country could be eradicated, in the light of Islamic teachings. So that the economy of the the country can make progress smoothly and easily.
The work in this dissertation describes the bioassay-guided isolation, and structure elucidation of sixteen compounds isolated from the fruit part of Aristolochia indica Linn. The dichloromethane, and butanolic fractions of the plant material exhibited activities against prostrate (PC-3), and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. The dichloromethane fraction afforded three new compounds, including aristoloquinone (1), aristolocenone (2), and aristoloanoide (3), while the known compounds were identified as dshamirone (4), chrysophanol (5), 4,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methylanthraquinone (6), b -sitosterol (7), oleanolic acid (8), ursolic acid (9), 2-(hydroxymethyl)-3 O furaldehyde (10), hydroquinone (11), and 4 -(acetoxy) phenyl acetate (12). The butanolic fraction of the plant yielded three new constituents, aristoloside A (13), aristoloside B (14), and aristoloside C (15), along with a known compound which was identified as butyl 3-O-β- D-glucopyranosyl-(3R), 4-dihydroxy-butanoate (16). The structures of these constituents were elucidated by using modern spectroscopic techniques, including UV, IR, MS, 1D, and 2D-NMR. HO The isolated compounds were tested for their in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. Compounds 8, 9, and 11 showed high sensitivity towards the cervical and prostrate cancer cell lines, as compared to the standard drug, doxorubicin. The other natural/ synthetic compounds were also evaluated for their antitumor activity. Among the natural compounds, physalin derivatives showed a potent activity, whereas among synthetic compounds, organotin (IV) carboxylate, and imidazole derivatives exhibited an excellent activity against the cancer cell lines.