مولانا اسلم صاحب جیراج پوری
مولوی اقبال احمد خاں صاحب سہیل کی وفات کا حادثہ ابھی تازہ تھا کہ اعظم گڑھ کی ایک اور نامور شخصیت اٹھ گئی، اور ملک کے مشہور مصنف اور صاحب قلم مولانا اسلم صاحب جیراج پوری نے ۲۸؍ دسمبر کو انتقال کیا، ان کا وطن اعظم گڑھ کا مشہور گاؤں جیراجپور تھا، ان کے والد مولانا سلامت اﷲ صاحب جماعت اہل حدیث کے ممتاز علماء میں تھے، نواب صدیق حسن خان نے بھوپال میں جن علماء کو جمع کیا تھا، ان میں ایک مولانا سلامت اﷲ صاحب بھی تھے، وہ بھوپال کے عربی مدارس کے مہتمم تھے، اس لیے مولانا اسلم صاحب کی تعلیم و تربیت وہیں ہوئی، تکمیل تعلیم کے بعد وہ پیسہ اخبار لاہور کے علماء ادارت میں شامل ہوگئے، پھر علی گڑھ کالجڈ اسکول میں عربی کے مدرس ہوئے، کچھ دنوں تک لٹن لائبریری کے شعبہ مشرقیات کے نگراں رہے، اور عربی فارسی کتابوں کی فہرست مرتب کی، مسلم یونیورسٹی قائم ہونے کے بعد شعبہ عربی کے لکچرر ہوگئے، پھر جامعہ ملیہ کے قیام کے بعد یونیورسٹی سے قطع تعلق کرکے جامعہ ملیہ چلے آئے اور تاریخ اسلام کے پروفیسر مقرر ہوئے، اور آخر عمر تک جامعہ سے وابستہ رہے، اور بالآخر اسی کی خاک کا پیوند ہوئے۔
مرحوم صاحب علم و نظر عالم تھے، اگرچہ ان کی تعلیم پرانے اور پھر اہل حدیث کے ماحول میں ہوئی تھی لیکن وہ بڑے روشن خیال اور زمانہ کے حالات و رجحانات سے باخبر تھے، اور کسی سوسائٹی میں اجنبی نہیں معلوم ہوتے تھے، تالیف و تصنیف کا ذوق ابتداء سے تھا، اسلامی تاریخ پر تاریخ الامت، سوانح عمرو بن العاصؓ، تاریخ نجد، حیات حافظ، اور حیات جامی وغیرہ بہت سی کتابیں لکھیں، ان میں تاریخ الامت زیادہ مقبول ہوئی، ان کے مضامین کا ایک مجموعہ نوادرات کے نام سے...
سامی ادیان میں جانوروں کی حلت و حرمت کےمتعلق احکامات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ Dietary rules and regulations may govern particular phases of the human life cycle and may also be associated with special events. Dietary Laws are grounded into the religious thought, and anyone expects logical clarifications for the continuation and determination of these rules in light of the respective religious tradition. The Semitic religions: orthodox Jews, Christians and Muslims have undoubtedly directed their adherents about the foodstuff “meat” with particular terms and conditions. This study attempts to define the similarities and differences between Halal and Kashrut (Kosher) in the light of their religion's commandments. The study confined to the Holy Scriptures. A comparative approach has been applied to these dietary practices. Moreover, it was found that Halal constitutes a different dietary law (Shariah) than Kashrut and vice versa. Even though similarities are found but it does not permit for the statutes to be usually supposed as reflection of each other. This analytical work will provide theoretical orientation; make reference to relevant theoretical and empirical literature for adequate clarification and comprehension where needed. To avoid pointless details, only the verse number mentioned in footnotes and extracted commands are just mentioned in the article. Qualitative research methodology has been adopted about the dietary laws about animals in Semitic Religions.
Botrytis grey mold (BGM) is the most important biological constraint for lentil crop in Pakistan. During 2007-08 and 2008-09, 912 varieties/lines were evaluated under field conditions. There was no line found to exhibit immunity against Botrytis grey mold. 452 and 236 varieties/lines exhibited moderately resistant response against Botrytis grey mold during 2007-08 and 2008-09, respectively. During 2007-08 and 2008-09, 652 and 863 varieties/lines exhibited susceptible response to Botrytis grey mold. 166 varieties/lines exhibited highly susceptible response to Botrytis grey mold during 2007-08, while 171 one exhibited highly susceptible response to Botrytis grey mold during 2008-09. Maximum disease development occurred at temperature 23-26 oC and 18-24 oC, relative humidity at 5 pm 36-54 %, rainfall 0-3 mm, wind speed 3-5 Km/h and sun shine 6-10 hours. The data of susceptible to highly susceptible lines/ varieties and meteorological variables were subjected step wise regression analysis based on two years data a model consisting of all environmental variables explained 98 % variability in disease development. When these were split by years; a three environmental variable model consisting of sun shine hours, relative humidity % at 8 am, relative humidity % at 5 pm explained 96 % variability in botrytis grey mold severity during 2008. However, during 2009, four environmental variables model consisting of wind speed Km/h at 8 am, max temperature oC, relative humidity % at 5 pm and rain fall mm explained 99 % variability in botrytis grey mold severity. For the management of BGM, three antagonists (Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus flavus and A. niger), three plant extract (Azadirachta indica, Bougainvillea spectabilis and Eucalyptus terticornis) coupled with three fungicides including Topsin-M, Cabriotop, and Antracol with different doses were used in laboratory experiment to assess their effectiveness against the colony growth of Botrytis cinerea. Out of these, Cabriotop, Trichoderma harzianum, Azadirachta indica were found effective in inhibiting the mycelium growth of the fungus. These same treatments were also found effective in greenhouse experiments. The most effective treatments were tested on two varieties and one advanced line under field condition. Among these Cabrio top at 150 ppm was most effective in controlling BGM on Masoor-85, Masoor-93 and line 00518. The protective spray of these treatments was significantly effective compared to curative spray.