قرآنی اصولوں کی روشنی میں معاشرتی استحکام

Islam is the religion of nature. It not only approves the social interaction among the masses, but also helps in its development towards positive ends. Islam has given natural and universal principles which help its followers to develop a harmonious society, discouraging all the attempts to divide the society into different sections. Islamic society is based upon the following fundamental principles i. E equality, harmony of thoughts, justice, amar-bilmaaruf-wa-nahi-anilmunkar (ask for good and forbid from evil), unity, sense of responsibility, virtue and evil, abolition of sectarianism & fulfillment of promises, reflecting the universality of the religion, Islam. Pakistan today, is facing various social problems like terrorism, corruption, poverty, unemployment, broken families, sectarianism, onslaught of western culture and demand of unrestricted liberty by womenfolk. The moral degradation of the society is due to the fact that the true Islamic spirit and moral teachings and trainings of Islam have not been applied with true mind and honest intentions. The moral values are ignored by the media which is the cause of great concern.

A Study of Democratic Leadership Style and its Impact Perceived by Elementary School Teachers on Their Morale in Pakistan

The focus of the study was on the democratic leadership style of head teachers and how it impacts teachers morale in federal government elementary schools in the Rawalpindi region in Pakistan. This research concentrated on how teachers perceived democratic leadership style of their head teachers and how teachers feel about morale in relation to the democratic leadership practices at their schools. This research was guided by three objectives: a) To find out the influence of democratic leadership style of head teachers on the morale of elementary school teachers in Pakistan. b) To find out how democratic leadership styles of head teachers develop high morale among elementary school teachers? All thirty-two federal government elementary schools situated in Rawalpindi city were the population of study to find out which elementary school head teachers were practicing democratic leadership style in their schools. For the collection of required data, mixed methods approach was utilized. A leadership styles Questionnaire measuring democratic, Authoritarian and Laissez-faire developed by Northouse (2009) was used to find out leadership styles of school head teachers. The school head teachers who exercised democratic leadership style were considered for further collection of data. For which in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with their school teachers to find out the influence of democratic leadership style on the morale of those teachers. Further, the researcher used a basic interpretive method of analysis and thematic analysis to analyze the interview data. The data analysis showed that due to the use of democratic leadership style the elementary school teachers morale was high. Teachers acknowledged trust, support, and motivation as factors that influenced their morale. This research has confirmed that the use of democratic leadership style has a positive influence on the morale of elementary school teachers in Pakistan.