Exploring the Objectives of Model Madaris Curriculum: Practical Approach Analysis

Islamic history reveals that Muslim rulers had taken keen interest to establish educational institutions during their rule. To keep going on this legacy of the Muslim rulers, various governments in Pakistan, since its creation, has announced a number of educational policies. Besides suggestions for Islamic education, a concept of Model Madaris at federal level was introduced for the first time during Musharraf’s regime [1999-2008]. Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA) was made responsible to develop the curriculum for these Madaris from middle to master levels; however, as per constitution the Education Act 1976, it is the responsibility of Curriculum Wing, Ministry of Education to develop the curriculum up to higher secondary level with pre-framed objectives. While at graduate and post graduate level, it is the responsibility of the universities to develop curriculum through their statutory bodies i.e. Board of Studies, Board of Faculty and Academic Council as per guide lines set by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. This study is an effort to explore the main objectives of Model Madaris curriculum. Moreover, it will be cross checked with course contents from middle to bachelor levels and policy suggestions will be directed that how these objectives and course contents can be amalgamated in one line.

Feminism in Prose Novels and Short Stories of Nawaal Al Shadavi and Fahmida Riaz A Comparative Study

This study is a comparison between two female pioneer authors of the two important Islamic languages Arabic and Urdu. This study deals with the similarity between literatures of known phenomena, and we find this similarity very clearly in the literary works of known Arabic female writer Nawal El Saadawi and famous Urdu literary personality Fahmida Riaz, about whom this study speaks. The basis of this study is resemblance which is based on the association in the femininity and socio political similarities of woman due to same circumstances which the both countries Egypt and the Indian subcontinent passed through, like British occupation for a long period of time and similar psychological problems, whereas the characteristics of each literary era appear in the works of writers of that era regardless of their geographical location and their culture. This study will be very useful in the field of comparative studies in various parts of the world, and one day when it will come into being, it will provide solid bases to one another. I divided this study into four chapters: the first chapter named as "the feminism its concept and development in the Arabic Literature" and the second chapter is about "The feminism in works of Nawal El Saadawi," whereas the third chapter is about "the feminism in the works of Fahmida Riaz" and the fourth chapter deals with “comparative study of the works of Nawal El Saadawi and Fahmida Riaz." In the points of resemblance the researcher has found many similarities between these two writers for stance their self dependency and the way they suffered hardships of appearing before the courts because of their works. This study points out some of the differences between the two authors. In brief, the human natures are similar and their reaction is similar within their framework, whereas they wished for humanity a prosperous future and this wish is still latent in the human subconscious since ancient times. And since the man left heavenly paradise, his efforts are to convert this dream into reality by making earthly life paradise. The literary efforts of these two prominent authors target to achieve the same dream and that is to improve the human life to that extent.