اختلاف امت سے متعلقہ احادیث کی روشنی میں راہ حق کی تعیین: ایک تحقیقی اور تنقیدی مطالعہ

A great deal of research work has been done upon the differences present in the Muslim Umm’ah and for its dissolution. Hence, scholars like Ashari, Baghdadi, Ibn al- Hazm and Shehristani has produced great critical and analytical studies, however the sect proclaiming on “Rah-e –Haq" (the truly guided path) needs critical review. In this article, a scholarly analysis and estimation of the "Rah-e-Haq"sect (the guided ones) is being attempted in the light of the relevant traditions.

Implication of Sino-Pak Trade Relations During 1958-2008

The aim of this research is to emphasize on the Sino-Pak trade relationships as these two states are not friends only but as well as a good neighbor and true believer of each one, their relationships are based on trust, mutual co-operation and respect. Previously Pakistan is among those countries which took step towards recognition of China as an independent state since then their relationships are strong, smooth and are known as “all weather friends”. The Sino-Pak political relationships were started in the year 1951. The relationships have a foundation on joint compact which is in the benefit of both states; one of the essential objectives of foreign policy of Pakistan is to strengthen its forthcoming relationships with all countries particularly with its neighbors. It is too reality that China has also supported Pakistan in each and every field particularly in trade and industry and military phase. Although Pakistan apprehends the Peoples Republic of China in January, 1950.Cotillion expedient relations were established in May, 1951. However, revelatory and beneficial co-operation started in the early mid-60s e.g. trade (January 1963), air services (August 1963) border demarcation (March 1963), and cultural agreements (March 1965) were signed between the two countries. This period has been fruitful cooperation in political economic commercial technological, military and cultural fields. Over the years, Sino-Pak friendship has become a shining example of “time tested” and “all-weather friendship”. Since 1965 nearly all Pakistani heads of government and state had visited China. Besides, there have been multifold exchanges of different delegations to maintain this “historic friendship” in place. Both countries agreed on most of the world issues and their friendship remains unaffected by change of government and caprice of international politics. China’s generosity has been considerable and constant in serving Pakistan in defence manufacture. Subsequent to the United States weapons prevention after the 1965 combat, it had been unlimited armed provisions, equipment and technology. Altogether both countries have been build tanks, aircrafts, and formed gun bullets. A number of the well-known cases of Chin’s collaboration are the beginning of the HIT, Heavy Industries Taxila, improvement and extension of the facilities at the Pakistan Ordinance Factories (POF) Wah, Aeronautical Complex at Kamra, cooperation in ship building energy production plants at Jamshoro, Guddu and Ghazi Barotha agreement in 1965 with the NHA to construct two segments of the Indus main road at an expenditure of 91 million dollar; construct a railway-line between Lodhran and Peshawar, hold up in water and mineral searching in NWF and Balochistan, in Balochistan the Saindak project for the extraction of copper and gold, recognized Pakistani space plan in 1990; beginning of a test satellite with a missile completed in China and particularly then 790kilometers KKH the “8th wonder of the world obviously”. There is a requirement to inject greater economic contented in Sino-Pak relations, mollifying Chinese anxiety of Pakistani support to Taliban in Afghanistan and its uncertainties about Islamic extremism spilling into its border province of Xinjiang. Presently it has also felt need that China Pakistan relations should be stronger more at the societal level as well the state to state ties. The president of China Jiang Zemin confidently held responsible India intended for the present anxiety in SouthAsia. In his initial enduring response to the atomic experiments by Pakistan and India on 3rd June 1998, he as well accuse India of creation of objective both Pakistan and China and decorated out that the atomic cooperation between Pakistan and China was ascetically nonviolent in the region of technology of atomic reactors and tinted out that eleven system agitated were under the supervision of the IAEA. The mutual communiqués destined the nuclear tests by India and Pakistan, call on them to sign the CTBT and NPT and urged a peaceful agreement of political problems together with that over Kashmir through dialogue. China and the US decided to work jointly to hold the dangers likely to come up from the proliferation of the South Asia. China had signed FTAs with eight states and areas as well as ASEAN, which had turn out to be functional from 1st January, 2010. Countries comprises of ASEAN currently are benefit from a trade excess with Chinese. In this FTA Chinese had agreed gigantic dispensation to ASEAN and tariff abolition covers 90 percent of goods traded amongst ASEAN countries and China. Underneath this FTA the typical tax rate of Chinese cargo from the ASEAN will be 0.1percent in its place of 9.5 percent. If it would be compared Chinese FTA with Pakistan and other ASEAN countries one will conclude that the goods enclosed under the Sino-ASEAN FTA at 0 %t tax set ASEAN on an improvement as on the same bits and pieces. There are duties on exports from Pakistan depiction Pakistan’s goods less gorgeous for Chinese buyers. The economic enlarge of China in our neighborhood is a historic chance for Pakistan to achieve enlargement at a fast speed by creating substantive and workable means for economic collaboration.