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Home > Comparison of High Intensity Interval Training With Moderate to Vigorous Continuous Training on Aerobic Fitness in Sedentary Lifestyle

Comparison of High Intensity Interval Training With Moderate to Vigorous Continuous Training on Aerobic Fitness in Sedentary Lifestyle

Thesis Info

Author

Hira Ismail

Supervisor

Suman Sheraz

Program

MS

Institute

Riphah International University

Institute Type

Private

City

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

xiii, 53 . : ill. (col.) ; 30 cm. +CD

Subject

Medicine & Health

Language

English

Other

Submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of degree of Master of Science in Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy to the Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences (FRAHS); Includes bibliographical references; Thesis (MS-CPPT)--Riphah International University, 2018; English; Call No: 616.1062 HIR

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676711462163

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مولانا حافظ عبدالعزیز

مولانا حافظ عبدالعزیز
یہ سطور ابھی زیر تحریر ہی تھیں کہ جامعہ اشرفیہ مبارکپور کے سربراہ اعلیٰ مولانا حافظ عبدالعزیز کی وفات کی اطلاع ملی ان کی عمر اسی سال سے متجادز تھی، مگر ابھی خیال نہ تھا کہ وقت موعود اتنا قریب آچکا ہے، وہ بریلوی مدرسۂ فکر سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، مگر مزاج میں اتنا اعتدال تھا کہ دوسرے حلقہ کے لوگوں سے بھی خندہ پیشانی اور فراخ دلی سے ملتے تھے، علمی مشاغل کے ساتھ عبادت وریاضت سے بھی خاص شغف تھا، راقم الحروف نے ۱۹۶۸؁ء کے موسم حج میں ہندوستانی سفارت خانہ کی ایک تقریب میں پہلی بار انھیں دیکھا تھا، اور ان کی سادگی، احتیاط، اور زاہدانہ زندگی سے متاثر ہوا تھا، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کے ساتھ رحمت و مغفرت فرمائے، اور ان کے اہل و عیال اور عقیدت مندوں کو صبر جمیل اور دین و ملت کی پر خلوص خدمت کی توفیق عطا فرمائے۔ (’’ع ۔ق‘‘، جون ۱۹۷۶ء)یہ سطور ابھی زیر تحریر ہی تھیں کہ جامعہ اشرفیہ مبارکپور کے سربراہ اعلیٰ مولانا حافظ عبدالعزیز کی وفات کی اطلاع ملی ان کی عمر اسی سال سے متجادز تھی، مگر ابھی خیال نہ تھا کہ وقت موعود اتنا قریب آچکا ہے، وہ بریلوی مدرسۂ فکر سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، مگر مزاج میں اتنا اعتدال تھا کہ دوسرے حلقہ کے لوگوں سے بھی خندہ پیشانی اور فراخ دلی سے ملتے تھے، علمی مشاغل کے ساتھ عبادت وریاضت سے بھی خاص شغف تھا، راقم الحروف نے ۱۹۶۸؁ء کے موسم حج میں ہندوستانی سفارت خانہ کی ایک تقریب میں پہلی بار انھیں دیکھا تھا، اور ان کی سادگی، احتیاط، اور زاہدانہ زندگی سے متاثر ہوا تھا، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کے ساتھ رحمت و مغفرت فرمائے، اور ان کے اہل و عیال اور عقیدت مندوں کو صبر جمیل اور دین و ملت کی پر خلوص خدمت کی...

Implementation of Work Discipline and Application of Employee Sanctions In PD. BPR Rokan Hulu

This study was conducted at BPR PD Rokan Hulu, utilizing a qualitative descriptive analysis based on interviews. The primary objective was to investigate the disciplinary practices and the application of punishment among employees within the institution. The findings reveal that to enhance disciplinary diversity, BPR PD Rokan Hulu has established robust regulations and enforced sanctions effectively. This initiative demonstrates BPR PD Rokan Hulu's commitment to promoting diversity through structured training programs and the implementation of punitive measures. Despite these efforts, the study identified that there are still instances of indiscipline among some employees. Specific violations observed include habitual tardiness, absenteeism without prior approval from supervisors, and unexplained departures during official work hours. These actions not only contravene the company's established regulations but also undermine the overall disciplinary framework intended to foster a productive and efficient work environment. The research highlights the significance of continuous monitoring and reinforcement of disciplinary measures to ensure adherence to organizational norms and standards. Furthermore, it suggests that while the implementation of rules and sanctions is vital, BPR PD Rokan Hulu could benefit from exploring additional strategies to address the root causes of indiscipline. This could include more personalized training sessions, enhanced communication channels between employees and management, and the development of a more inclusive company culture that encourages respect for regulations. In conclusion, while BPR PD Rokan Hulu has made commendable strides in enforcing discipline and applying necessary sanctions, there is room for improvement. Addressing the lingering issues of employee indiscipline requires a multifaceted approach that not only penalizes non-compliance but also actively fosters an organizational culture that values punctuality, responsibility, and adherence to established guidelines.This study was conducted at BPR PD Rokan Hulu, utilizing a qualitative descriptive analysis based on interviews. The primary objective was to investigate the disciplinary practices and the application of punishment among employees within the institution. The findings reveal that to enhance disciplinary diversity, BPR PD Rokan Hulu has established robust regulations and enforced sanctions effectively. This initiative demonstrates BPR PD Rokan Hulu's commitment to promoting diversity through structured training programs and the implementation of punitive measures. Despite these efforts, the study identified that there are still instances of indiscipline among some employees. Specific violations observed include habitual tardiness, absenteeism without prior approval from supervisors, and unexplained departures during official work hours. These actions not only contravene the company's established regulations but also undermine the overall disciplinary framework intended to foster a productive and efficient work environment. The research highlights the significance of continuous monitoring and reinforcement of disciplinary measures to ensure adherence to organizational norms and standards. Furthermore, it suggests that while the implementation of rules and sanctions is vital, BPR PD Rokan Hulu could benefit from exploring additional strategies to address the root causes of indiscipline. This could include more personalized training sessions, enhanced communication channels between employees and management, and the development of a more inclusive company culture that encourages respect for regulations. In conclusion, while BPR PD Rokan Hulu has made commendable strides in enforcing discipline and applying necessary sanctions, there is room for improvement. Addressing the lingering issues of employee indiscipline requires a multifaceted approach that not only penalizes non-compliance but also actively fosters an organizational culture that values punctuality, responsibility, and adherence to established guidelines.

Probing New Physics Through Semileptonic Flavor Changing Neutral Current Transition

In this thesis, the exclusive semileptonic rare B-mesons decays which are induced by the flavor changing neutral current transition (FCNC) have been studied within and beyond the Standard Model (SM). To probe physics beyond the SM, B → K ∗ + − , B → K1 + − level, these FCNC transitions arises as b → s ∗ , B → K2 + − + − and Bc → D∗ s + − decays are considered. At quark and, in the SM, are forbidden at tree level but are allowed at loop level through Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani (GIM) mechanism. Moreover, FCNC transitions are further suppressed due to the fact that they are directly proportional to the off diagonal elements of the Cabibo Kobayashi Maskawa (CKM) matrix. Because of these two conditions FCNC transitions are relatively rare and become important to investigate the physics beyond the SM, usually known as new physics (NP). The important points of the thesis are in order: • We study the exclusive channel of flavor changing neutral current transition (FCNC) i.e. B → K ∗ + − in the frame work of a family of non-universal Z model. In this model, the Z boson couplings to the fermions could lead to FCNC transition at tree level. In addition, the off-diagonal elements of these effective chiral Z couplings can contain new weak phases that provide a new source of CP violation and, therefore, could explain the CP asymmetries in the current high energy colliders. In this context, we have studied the polarized and unpolarized CP violation asymmetries for the said decay. These asymmetries are highly suppressed in the standard model but significantly enhanced in the Z model. In addition to the CP violation asymmetries, the single lepton polarization asymmetries are also studied and found them sensitive to the couplings of the Z boson. Finally, it is analyzed that all these asymmetries which will hopefully be tested at LHC can serve to probe the non-universal Z model, particularly, the accurate measurements of these asymmetries may play a crucial role to extract the precise values of the coupling parameters of Z boson. • The sensitivity of the zero position of the forward backward asymmetry AFB for the exclusive B → K1 (1270)μ+ μ− decay is examined by using most general non-standard 4-fermion interactions. Our anal- ysis shows that the zero position of the forward backward asymmetry is very sensitive to the sign and size of the Wilson coefficients corresponding to the new vector type interactions, which are the counter partners of the usual Standard Model operators but have opposite chirality. In addition to these, the other significant effect comes from the interference of Scalar-Psudoscalar and Tensor type operators. These results will not only enhance our theoretical understanding about the axial vector mesons but will also serve as a good tool to look for physics beyond the SM. • A detailed study of the impact of New Physics (NP) operators with different Lorentz structures, which ∗ are absent in the Standard Model Hamiltonian, on the B → K2 (1430)μ+ μ− decay is performed. In this context, the various observables such as branching ratio, forward-backward asymmetry of leptons, lepton ∗ polarization asymmetries and the helicity fractions of the final state K2 (1430) meson have been studied. We have examined the effects of new vector-axial vector, scalar-pseudoscalar and tensor type interactions for ∗ this decay B → K2 (1430)μ+ μ− by using the constraints on different NP couplings which come from the ̄ ̄ Bs → μ+ μ− , B → X s μ+ μ− and B → K ∗ μ+ μ− decays. It is found that the effects of V A, S P and T operators are significant on the zero position of AFB (q2 ) as well as on its magnitude. In addition to this these NP operators also give significant effects on the differential decay rate, lepton polarization asymmetries and ∗ helicities fractions of final state K2 (1430) meson. • The semileptonic Bc → D∗ s + − ( = μ, τ) decays have been studied in the Standard Model (SM) and in the Universal Extra Dimension (UED) model. In addition to the contribution from the Flavor Changing Neutral Current (FCNC) transitions the weak annihilation (WA) contribution is also important for this decay because ∗ of enhanced CKM matrix elements Vcb Vcs . It is found that the WA gives 6.7 times larger branching ratio than the penguin contribution for the decay Bc → D∗ μ+ μ− . The contribution from the WA and FCNC transitions s are parameterized in terms of the form factors. In this work we first relate the form factors through Ward identities and then express them in terms of g+ (0) which is extracted from the decay Bc → D∗ γ through QCD s sum rules approach. These form factors are then used to analyze the physical observables like branching ratio and helicity fractions of the final state D∗ meson in the SM. This analysis is then extended to the UED s model where the dependency of above mentioned physical observables depend on the compactification radius R. It is shown that the helicity fractions of D∗ are sensitive to the UED model especially when we s have muons as the final state lepton. This sensitivity is marked up at low q2 region, irrespective of the choice of the form factors. It is hoped that in the next couple of years LHC will provide enough data on the Bc → D∗ s + − channel, and then , these helicity fractions would serve as a useful tool to establish new physics predicted by the UED model.