قیام امن میں حضرت عثمان کا کردار: تاریخی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Nowadays the entire world, particularly the Islamic countries, are suffering from a state of anxiety and insecurity due to terrorism. The terrorists are destroying peace of the world for the sake of their personal interests. They affiliate their terrorist activities with Islām, while Islām condemns not only terrorism, but also the violation of the country law. Islām is the religion of peace. Allāh, peace of title the with (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Muhammad Prophet His sent Almighty and granted him the name of religion as Islām. The Holy Prophet in harmony and peace of facade the build to life his all spent (صلى الله عليه وسلم) the society. His companions also exhibited human loving nature and. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy the by them to provided roadmap the followed Ḥaḍrat Uthmān is one of those, who sacrificed themselves for the noble cause of peace. In this article, the remarkable efforts of Ḥaḍrat Uthmān for the maintainance of peace are highlighted. He was commited to peace even before Islām, and after accepting it, he played a vital role for the promotion and maintaince of peace. He the at (صلى الله عليه وسلم) prophet the of ambassador the as appointed was occasion of the Ḥudaybiyah Pact. Uthmān ruled a vast empire. Peace was a hallmark of his era. The evil plots against him surfaced only in the later years of his caliphate. These included objections regarding appointment and administration of the governers. He took every step to stop the disruption of peace, so much so, he did not allow the Muslims to fight for his defence, hence, sacrificed his life.

A Comparative Study of Pragmatic Losses in English Translations of the Holy Quran

The chief objective of a translation is to convey the meanings of the source text to the target text readership. It is the transfer of the content as well as the textual mood to the possible extent. However, achieving this objective remains a crucial challenge on account of social, cultural and linguistic differences among the people of different colors, religions and geographical regions. Morphological, lexical, phonological, syntactical, stylistic, social, psychological and cultural differences among the languages result cumulatively into a broad range of pragmatic losses during the process of translation. The situation gets more intricate when it is the matter of religious literature, especially, the revealed sacred texts. In this regard, it is deemed highly significant to identify the elements of pragmatic loss in the source text and their respective manifestations in translated texts for the awareness of the translators and readers to curtail the possible distortion of the meaning enshrined in the source text. The present qualitative research aimed at investigating three different English translations (wordfor-word translation, literal translation and running translation with lexical and syntactic expansion) of Sūrah al-Kahf of the Holy Qur’ān. The researcher traced and analyzed the instances of pragmatic losses in these three English translations employing comparative pragmalinguistic model which has been tailored for this study. The findings reveal significant similarities as well as differences in these three translations entailing clear manifestations of pragmatic losses. These pragmatic losses occur in the forms of loss of tense, loss of texture, loss of grammatical category, loss of gender, loss of textual meaning, loss of culture-specific terms etc. Finally, certain recommendations have been made for the contemporary and future translators of the Holy Qur’ān in particular and other religious or non-religious Arabic texts in general.