مولانا سید شاہ محمد قمرالدین پھلواروی
یہ خبر بھی افسوس کے ساتھ سنی جائے گی کہ مولانا سید شاہ محمد قمرالدین صاحب پھلواروی، امیر شریعت صوبہ بہار نے ۳۱؍ جنوری کو انتقال فرمایا، مرحوم مولانا سید شاہ بدرالدین صاحب مرحوم، امیر شریعت اول کے صاحبزادے اور علم و عمل میں اپنے اسلاف کرام کے خلف الصدق تھے، اپنے بڑے بھائی مولانا سید شاہ محی الدین صاحب مرحوم امیر شریعت ثانی کے انتقال کے بعد ان کے جانشین ہوئے اور امارت شرعیہ کی روایات اور اس کے مذہبی کاموں کو پوری طرح قائم و برقرار رکھا، ان کی وفات سے خاندان پھلواروی کی ایک اہم یادگار مٹ گئی، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کو اپنی رحمت و مغفرت سے سرفراز فرمائے اور ان کے اخلاف کو ان کے نقش قدم پر چلنے کی توفیق بخشے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، مارچ ۱۹۵۷ء)
Character building of a person is very necessary to make any society better, healthier and superior as the construction of society depends upon the people's character building. A number of crime cases are evident that the character of most people is already in alarming phase. However family members, society, Islamic schools mad?ris, universities, and cultural activities can play vital role in character building. Improvement in our current situation as well as development of our future depends upon the building of people character. This study aims to highlight the impact of the Prophetic Sunnah and to show its effective role in building the character of a person individual through the selection of practical models of the true Sunnah, for example, showing great care for all aspects of human such as materialistic, mental and spiritual aspects. If we really want to improve our society or turn it to perfection, people will have to focus on character building, particularly on people's moral, spiritual and social character so that society can present the real portrait of peace and prosperity. This study concluded that the Prophetic Sunnah is rich in the educational principles which preceded the contemporary research and theories, making it first reference as a basic requirement.
Considering the significant role of alpha tocopherol (α-Toc) under different environmental cues, experiments were conducted on mungbean plants under varying water regimes. First experiment was planted in plastic pots in order to check the influence of foliage spray of α-Tocopherol in terms of growth, gas exchange and different physio-biochemical characteristics in mungbean plants under water deficit stress. After three weeks of seed germination, both mungbean cultivars (Cyclone 7008 and Cyclone 8009) were subjected to drought treatment (60% and 100% field capacity). The 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg L-1 were the alpha tocopherol levels treated as foliage spray after 30 days of water stress treatment. Water deficit conditions retard morphological parameters, photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a and b levels, relative water contents (RWC), gas exchange characteristics and total soluble proteins (TSP), yield per plant, while an increase was observed in the relative membrane permeability (RMP), glycinebetaine (GB), proline, sugars, H2O2, AsA, phenolics, MDA, TFAA and the actions of antioxidants in both mungbean lines. Foliarly appliedα-Toc significantly improved plant growth, plant height, chlorophyll b, RWC, GB, non-reducing sugars, E, gs, Ci, Ci/Ca, AsA, TSP, TFAA and catalytic actions of peroxides and catalase enzymes. The inconsistent behavior was depicted by both mungbean cultivars to externally used tocopherol and drought stress to relative water contents and different gas exchange characteristics. The cv. Cyclone 7008 was significantly showed improved reducing, non-reducing sugars, Hydrogen peroxide and total soluble protein while cv. Cyclone 8009 in leaf proline and total phenolics. Overall, externally applied Toc particularly 300 mg L-1 was effective in developing plant growth of both mungbean cultivars. In case of green pods different biochemical analyses, as a whole, the external application of 200 and 300 mg L-1 of α-Toc significantly increased the chlorophyll a & b, proline and total phenolics concentrations and actions of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes in used mungbean varieties. In field experiment, under normal and withheld irrigations, the exogenous treatment of α-Toc effectively increased growth parameters, chlorophylls, total soluble phenolics, free proline, glycine betaine, TSG, sugars, TSP, TFAA, antioxidants and invivo Toc and harvest attributes but significantly decreased MDA and H2O2 levels. In short, of various used different concentrations of α-Toc levels, last two concentrations were better convenient for both mungbean cultivars under applied field conditions.