پیشہ ور مجرم عام طور پر سرکاری عہدیداروں ، سیاست دانوں اور بااثر افراد سے منسلک ہوتے ہیں۔ انہی افراد کے اشاروں پر بعض اوقات فرقہ واریت اور دہشت گردی ہوتی ہے ۔ عام طور پر اس طرح کےمعاملات میں لوگ قوانین حدود وقصاص کے تحت سزا سے بچ جاتے ہیں ۔ ضرورت اس امر کی ہے کہ پیشہ وران مجرموں سے سختی سے نمٹا جائے تاکہ معاشرے کو معاشرتی نا ہمواریوں سے محفوظ رہا جا سکے۔
The Arabic language faces many hurdles in its expansion and progress in the non-Arab world internationally. This time our focus is the multi-lingual community Nigeria. Nigeria is a country of languages, where there are hordes of mother tongues (dialects) , an official language and then there is a religious language as well. It is very tough to focus on the Arabic language in this myriad of languages though; it enjoys a historic status and prestige there. A few reasons for this lack of focus on Arabic language Nigeria are as follow: 1. The British colonialism and its treacherous role to downplay the Arabic language. 2. To segregate Arabic from Muslim Ummah in Nigeria, the colonialists thus promoted English and French as official administrative languages. 3. Dearth of text books in Arabic at primary and secondary level. Moreover there are no well equipped language laboratories to develop Arabic in Nigeria. 4. The stranded economic state of the country. 5. The scarcity of Arabic press houses in Nigeria and lack of interest in the Arabic language by the general public. A few suggestions to promulgate and develop the Arabic language in Nigeria are as follow: a. Students’ attention needs to be drawn towards the Arabic language as a modern and rich language. For this all the available resources need to be exhausted. b. The Arabic language centres should be developed where proficient teachers should teach Arabic. The present faculty for Arabic should do refresher courses in Arabic to enhance their capabilities. c. The availability of Arabic text books to cater the various levels of the students is made possible. A committee should monitor the overall process and progress of Arabic language in Nigeria. d. The Nigerian government should play an active role in the development and progress of the Arabic language in Nigeria
Heavy metals are natural components of geological structures with their productive role in agriculture, cement and plastic industry. This industrial progress is playing role in the emission of various pollutants in biological systems; hence their levels have been increased from minor to major in terms of pollution. This pollution has influence on the physicochemical features of water along with biological component by deterring the meat quality of fish.
Fish is a readily available source of protein for the consumption of human beings. Heavy metals e.g. Nickle, cadmium, chromium, Manganese, lead, iron and zinc are fatal pollutants due to their bio accumulative nature in body tissues. This bioaccumulation of heavy metals leads to health illness of fish and its consumers. These pollutants can influence the normal hematological and serological parameters along with the induction of pathological changes in muscles. Hence, Fish can be used as a bio-indictor in the monitoring of metals pollution as they engaged various trophic levels in a food chain.
This research was designed to investigate the heavy metal concentration in River Indus at Dera Ghazi Khan along with their histopathological impact on proximate quality of meat and blood profile of Labeo rohita. Sampling was performed from three different sites of River Indusduring the period from July 2017 to February 2018. These heavy metals in water and fish meat were determined e.g. Cr, Pb, Cu, Zinc, Mn, Iron, Pb, Ni and Cd by using Polarized Zeeman (Z-8230) atomic absorption spectrophotometer at Environmental Science Lab, UVAS Lahore.
In water samples, macro minerals concentration as Ca, Mg, Na and K were also analyzed by using spectrophotometer along with various physico-chemical parameters of water like BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, DO, EC, Ph and temperature. In Rohu meat, mean metal concentration (mg/l), was found to be high at Manka Drain site (2) due to dumping of municipal, agricultural and brick kilns untreated waste, as following, Pb (4.6275?9.305), Cd (0.105?0.105), Mn (26.4325?1.357), Ni (0.87375?0.129), Cu (9.86875?1.255), Cr (6.3525?3.068), Zn (12.67625?1.995) and Fe (73.315?2.766).
This study confirms that bio-accumulation of metals took place over time. The purpose of conductedresearch was to investigate the impact of heavy metal content of water on proximate composition ofLabeo rohitaand its blood profile from consumer?s health point of view. The research results predict alterations in muscle quality in terms of its intact structure via histopathological observations and protein content via proximate estimation.
These results strongly recommend that the permanent evaluation of this aquatic ecosystem should be implemented at study area because; population is on increasing tendency due to which consumption of water with establishment of industries is flourishing at a rapid rate resulting in more effluent production. Furthermore, Installation of effluent treatment plants must be planned to properly dispose-off industrial and sewerage waste to avoid contamination of fresh water reservoir.