مولوی سید محمد احمد صاحب کاظمی
ابھی یہ سطریں زیر تحریر تھیں کہ مولوی سید محمد احمد صاحب کاظمی ایڈوکیٹ الٰہ آباد کے انتقال کی خبر ملی، مرحوم پرانے اور پکے کانگریسی تھے، ہر زمانہ میں اپنے مسلک پر قائم رہے، قوم پروری کے ساتھ دیندار بھی تھے، اور ان کے دل میں مذہب و ملت کا بھی درد تھا،اور مسلمانوں کے بعض مفید کام انہوں نے انجام دیئے، پارلیمنٹ کے ممبر بھی رہے تھے، اور مسلمانوں کے نظام قضا کے متعلق ایک بل بھی پیش کیا تھا، لیکن پھر اس کے انجام کا پتہ نہ چلا، ایسے نیشنلسٹ اب مشکل سے ملیں گے، جو ملک و وطن اور مذہب و ملت کے حقوق میں توازن قائم رکھ سکیں، اﷲ تعالیٰ مرحوم کی ملی خدمات کو قبول اور ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، نومبر ۱۹۵۹ء)
A family is the fundamental unit of society. Every society has the presence of a family. The start of a family's life is entirely dependent on matters of co. human relations. All such human relationships are entrenched in islamic sharia as a sacred bond of nikah, in which a husband and wife become a part of the world in the form of a family's collective result. Husband and wife are the most fundamental pillars of society, and their affection and companionship provides a source of stability for them and also a refuge for coming generations.A family consist of husband ,wife and their children . The family life is begins with marriage, after marriage every woman wants to have her own separate home where all the requirements of privacy are met. Islam has placed the entire responsibility of livelihood on men..But in our society there are two types of family system joint and separate family system. In Pakistan The joint family system is prevalent. The people of the subcontinent are not only adopting this system but they are also feel proud of it . In the present article the joint family system has facing many challenges. One of them is accommodation. In this article will focus on what is the basic concept of accommodation in joint family systems and its solution in Islami teachings. It is critical for the husband and wife to have a home where no one can interfere on their personal matters. This interference is very much in our society.Which husband and wife facing many problems. And due to this conditions, the relationship of husband and wife is also affected.
Key Words: Joint family system, Issues of Accommodation, Pakistani society, Islamic teachings.
The traditional method is being widely used in teaching of science at elementary level in Pakistan despite of knowing its advantages and disadvantages. This study was aimed at investigating effectiveness of traditional and heuristic methods of teaching science at elementary level. The experimental study was delimited to Punjab. Two schools-one urban and other rural, were selected on convenient basis to conduct the experiments. One of the experiments was conducted in urban area of district Lahore, while the other was conducted in the rural area of district Jhang. In this study, an achievement test was used as an instrument which covered four major areas of the study. Among 90 students of 6th class, 60 students were selected randomly in rural school and 60 students out of 126 students were selected in urban school. After then, 60 students of 6th class from each school were divided into two equal groups having almost similar level of learning achievement. Experiment 1 (rural school) was conducted in September, 2009 while the experiment 2 (urban school) was conducted in April-May, 2010. Each experiment was comprised of a control group (taught by traditional method) and an experimental group (taught by heuristic method). Semistandardized lesson plans and science kit were used for teaching to the experimental groups using activity based teaching learning model. Each experiment lasted for eight weeks with five days teaching the subject of science to class VI. Pre-test post-test equivalent group design was used. In the beginning of the experiment, pre-test was conducted for the groups in rural and urban schools. Two teachers having similar educational qualifications and teaching experience were selected to teach these two groups including researcher. Data was analyzed using SPSS. The statistical techniques used to investigate the effectiveness of control and experimental groups in rural and urban areas were mean, standard deviation, co-efficient of variance and t-test. It was found that the performance of experimental groups, both in rural and urban schools was better than the performance of control groups, which shows the scope and significance of heuristic method to teach science at elementary level. It was also found that the achievement level of experimental group was better in all four content areas of test i.e. Characteristics of living and nonliving thins, Cell a unit of life, organization of life and environment. It was also found that the achievement level of experimental group students was better in all three ability skills i.e. Knowledge, Comprehension and Application. On the basis of findings, conclusions and recommendations were made accordingly.