علّامہ ابن الجوزی کی تفسیر (زاد المسیر فی علم التفسیر) میں اشعار سے استشہاد کا علمی اور تحقیقی جائزہ

This paper describes that if we want to know about poetry we must understand that out of context we can never arrive at our destination. The Qur‘ān should be read and understood in totality of its message and spirit. Its verses are local and universal. Some verses are in local environments but leave universal and external message. The verses of Sūrah Yāsīn and Sūrah Najm related to poetry clearly exhibit the truth that God rejected the claim of the infidels who regarded the Qur‘ān as the book of poetry and Prophet Muhammad as a poet. It is an apt reply to the infidels that Qur‘ān is a message of God with a serious mission and motto. The Holy prophet used to ask people to recite the Holy poetry of Abu ║ālib. ╓assān bin thābit used to recite ‘Nāt’ in the presence of the Prophet. They enhanced the divine mission of the prophets through their facile pen and noble spirit. Hence in the light of above brief dissertation we can profess that Islam does not oppose poetry if it is written on didactic and divine lines.

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Commercial Cross Priming Amplification Diagnostic Kit in Smear Negative Sputum

Background: The diagnosis of smear negative tuberculosis remains a major obstacle to global control of tuberculosis (TB), especially in resource limited settings. Several nucleic acid based diagnostic tests have been developed to improve diagnosis. The polymerase chain reaction has been the benchmark for nucleic acid amplification; many novel alternatives have been developed for the amplification and detection of nucleic acid sequences. Objective: The study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of Cross Priming Amplification technology using the Ustar TB Isothermal Amplification Diagnostic (IAD) Kit (Ustar Biotech, Hangzhou, China) in smear negative sputum. Methods: 159 unconcentrated sputum samples negative by direct Ziehl-Neelsen staining referred to the National Central Reference Lab in Nairobi were subjected to both the Ustar TB Isothermal Amplification Diagnostic Kit and culture. The reference standard was TB culture. Results: When tested on Ziehl-Neelsen negative smear sputum, the IAD assay was found to have a sensitivity of 75% (60-86%; 95% CI); Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 84% (71-94%; 95% CI) and Diagnostic Odds Ratio of 42.18 (15.65-113.69; 95% CI). The specificity of the assay was 94% (87-97%; 95% CI). Conclusion: The assay demonstrated good sensitivity and moderate specificity in detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis in smear negative specimen, the requirements for a clean room for the DNA extraction procedure, a high speed centrifuge and biological safety chamber may limit the applicability of this technique in resource limited settings.