معاشرتی جرائم کے اسباب اور ان کا ممکنہ تدارک اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں

Today in the world, the human beings are crunch in crimes in developed society or in undeveloped society. As a result the whole world has become insecure and unsafe. A society and nation can perish and drowned due to its cruelty and crimes. The Muslim society is also being victims of such crimes. According to the scholars the basic reason of this issue is illiteracy and get for away from Islamic teachings while fearless from God and from the Day of Judgment, social injustice, instability, destabilization, disunity and dis-integrity, away from knowledge, negative role of media and impatience tolerance are also considered as major factors. The scholars and reformers are suggested to control the crimes through laydown of justice or establishment of Courts and spread of knowledge, bring awareness among the peoples, establishment of educational institutes in a society. In this article it has been point out the major causes of social crimes and their potential remedy in the light of Qur’an and Sunnah.

A Slicing Technique for Object Oriented Systems Using Code Coverage and Faultdata

As the time goes on, the need for software applications is growing in every business, industry and for every event in life. One big challenge for software engineering is to test these increasing number of software applications. Software testing is a process to execute the software with the intent to verify its functionality. It also validates its process of development. Size of the program is one of the major concerns for tester during software testing. As thousands of lines of code are not easy to debug and test. The larger code makes the program complex. A program is analyzed to reduce program complexity. Program slicing is the program analysis technique that breaks the program code into smaller pieces. This research study proposed program slicing technique for object-oriented software testing to reduce program complexity. Object-oriented feature ?polymorphism? is taken as the subject for the program slicing techniques to minimize the overall testing cost and maximize the fault detection ability. This research proposed a program slicing technique for testing Object-Oriented systems by the use of adequacy measures code coverage and mutation analysis. Java programming language is considered for experiments of the proposed program slicing technique. Inclusiveness and precision metrics are used to evaluate the results of the experiment. These metrics are used for the assessment of test suite completeness and effectiveness.