وصیتِ علم و عمل
وجود ِ انسانی کے ارتقا کی تاریخ کو نظر ِ غائر سے دیکھا جائے تو اس کی تمام تر ترقی ’’ علم ــ‘‘ کی مرہون منت ہے۔علم ہی وہ اکائی ہے جس میں تہذیب و تمدن اور تربیت کے سوتے پھوٹتے دکھائی دیتے ہیں۔علم کی خصوصیت کی وجہ سے انسان اشرف المخلوقات ہے اس کے سبب سے اسے فرشتوں پر فضیلت ملی اور اسی کی بدولت خلافت کا تاج سر پرسجا۔حد تو یہ ہے کہ پہلی وحی کا آغاز ہوا۔ارشاد ربانی ہے ترجمہ:۔ ’’اپنے پروردگار کے نام سے پڑھ جس نے انسان کو جمے ہوئے خون سے پیدا کیا‘‘۔یہ بھی ارشاد ر بانی سنتے چلیے ۔ ترجمہ:۔’’ اللہ تم میں سے ایمان والوں اور علم والوں کے درجات بلند فرماتا ہے‘‘۔قرآن کریم میں ہی اللہ پاک نے اپنے نبی مکرم ﷺ کو یہ دعا عطا فرمائی ۔ترجمہ:۔ ’’کہو ،اے میرے رب میرے علم میں اضافہ فرما‘‘۔ حدیث شریف میں آتا ہے کہ ’’ علم حاصل کرناہر مسلمان (مرد اور عورت)پر فرض ہے‘‘ یہی وہ علم ہے جس کی افضلیت کے پیش نظر حضرت علی کرم اللہ وجہ فرماتے ہیں’’ ہم اللہ تعالیٰ کی اس تقسیم پر راضی ہیں کہ اس نے ہمیں علم عطا کیا اور جاہلوں کو دولت دی کیوں کہ دولت تو عنقریب فنا ہوجائے گی اور علم کو زوال نہیں‘‘۔
تاریخ انسانی میں ایک خواہش جو اپنے تمام تر مدارج سمیت جھلک رہی ہے وہ یہ ہے کہ ہر شخص اپنی جدا گانہ شناخت اور منفرد پہچان کا متمنی ہے اور اس خواہش کی تکمیل کے لیے مثبت اعمال و افعال بروئے کار لا کر ہی ازلی و ابدی پہچان تک رسائی حاصل کر لینا اصل شناخت اور پہچان ہے ۔اہل علم جانتے ہیں کہ یہ اسی وقت ممکن ہے جب علم کواوڑھنا بچھونابنا لیا جائے اور فضل باری تعالیٰ...
A major proof viewed by the Islamic universe today is the proof of re-making and reorganizing the economy in such a way seen as similar to the motivation of Sharia’h work. Money-related new development is one of the topics that in a general sense is termed as a science that offers a technique to show the science of monetary angles. Nevertheless, the standard technique, which has been assembled, is being considered for dissatisfaction in dealing with the issues of the Ummah, for example, despair, backwardness in human resources (HR), and achievement in proper position and life, and even a matter of natural change. Sadly, those conditions are found overwhelmingly in the Muslim world, where they have essentially manifested and represented in Muslim life. Moreover, it seems that the uniqueness of the Muslim world has been challenging, that is, it is typically rich in asset but still weak and poor. As for the path, in Muslim society, there is an ignorance of the achievements of motivation. Thus, there is no possible norm to find the emergence of different methodologies within the Islamic structure, surprisingly in the area of money-related to unforeseen development.
Accessibility to maternal health care does not only reduce maternal mortality and complications among women rather it is one of the basic reproductive human rights of women which should be ensured to women all over the world. The present research mainly focuses to identify all those gender-based cultural perceptions and prevailing unwritten customary laws which not only restrict women from accessing maternal health care services but contribute to high maternal mortality in Malakand Pakistan (PDHS, 2012) which is one of the areas in Pakistan with high MMRs. In this study maternal health care as dependent variable is categorized as ANC services, institutional delivery and postpartum services while the independent variables are categorized as sociodemographic characteristics, subordinate position of women in Pakhtun families, Pakhtun family’s perception toward maternal health care of women and decision making at household level. The data was collected by using mix method. A questionnaire was designed following the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey questionnaire with to include the cultural aspect while WHO verbal autopsy instrument was adopted for studying maternal death cases. Through quantitative data 503 respondents were interviewed while in qualitative data two FGD one each with men and women was conducted. Family members of four maternal death cases were interviewed in the research area. The researcher used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression test in order to assess the association between outcome (maternal health) and independent variables. Both bivariate and multivariate analysis shows that prevalence and practice of un-written customary laws and practices among Pakhtun had a significant relationship with access to maternal health care among women in the study area. In both bivariate and multivariate analysis it is found that socio-cultural as well as some of the basic socio-demographic factors were strongly associated with maternal health care access. Among the major findings it was statistically drawn that the women have subordinate position in the family and men are the key decision makers regarding women’s access to maternal health care and they restrict women within the domestic sphere utilize maternal health care services from unskilled persons. The situation is not only statistically significant rather FGD also supports the statistical results. Key recommendation of the study is to include detailed cultural and gender based questions in studies conducted by different agencies on maternal health, as well as mainstreaming of men in all kinds of programmes and awareness campaigns designed for improving maternal health as they are the key decision makers regarding women’s access to and utilization of maternal health care services.