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The Construction of Gender Through Television Advertisements Identity in Pakistan

Thesis Info

Author

Maryam Saeed

Supervisor

Malik Haq Nawaz Danish

Program

MS

Institute

Riphah International University

Institute Type

Private

City

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

ix, 105 . : ill. ; 30 cm. +CD

Subject

English

Language

English

Other

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy in English Linguistics for the Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities; Includes bibliographical references; Thesis (MS)--Riphah International University, 2016; English; Call No: 420.95491 MAR

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676711789340

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اعجاز صدیقی

اعجاز صدیقی
افسوس ہے ہمارے عزیز دوست اوربچپن کے ساتھی جناب اعجاز صدیقی کاپچھلے دنوں بمبئی میں اچانک انتقال ہوگیا۔اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔
مرحوم مولانا سیماب اکبر آبادی کے فرزند ارجمند اوراُن کے خاص تربیت یافتہ تھے۔اردو کے بلندپایہ اورقادرالکلام شاعر توتھے ہی، بڑی بات یہ ہے کہ فن کے اصول وفروع اوراُس کے رموزونکات اورزبان کے قواعد اوراُس کے مصطلحات پر اُن کی نگاہ وسیع اوردقیق تھی، اس بناء پر وہ نقاد بھی بہت اچھے تھے۔نثر بھی شگفتہ لکھتے تھے۔تقسیم کے بعد آگرہ کے حالات ناقابل برداشت ہوئے اور وہاں رہنا دشوار ہوگیا توبمبئی منتقل ہوگئے۔یہاں اُن کوسخت پریشانیوں اوردشواریوں سے سابقہ پیش آیا لیکن انھوں نے بڑی ہمت اورجواں مردی سے ان سب کا مقابلہ کیا۔ ’’شاعر‘‘کو نہ صرف یہ کہ جاری رکھا، اُس کوبہتر سے بہتر بنانے کی کوششوں میں لگے رہے اورآخر کاربمبئی ایسے غدارشہر میں اپنا ایک خاص مرتبہ ومقام حاصل کرنے میں کامیاب ہوئے۔ اُن کو اردو سے عشق تھا، تقسیم کے نتیجہ میں اُس پر جو بپتا پڑی تھی، مرحوم عمر بھراُس کا ماتم کرتے اوراُس کی اصلاح کی جدوجہد کرتے رہے۔طبعاً بڑے خوش خلق،غیورو خوددار،باوضع اور نہایت محنتی اور جفاکش انسان تھے۔ اُن کی وفات سے اردو اپنی فوج کے ایک بہت بڑے مجاہد سے محروم ہوگئی۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ اُن کومغفرت وبخشش کی نعمتوں سے نوازے۔
[مارچ۱۹۷۸ء]

 

معاشرتی زندگی میں قوانین اسلام کی اہمیت و افادیت

The Qur'an is the principal source of Islamic law, the Sharia. It contains the rules by which the Muslim world is governed (or should govern itself) and forms the basis for relations between man and God, between individuals, whether Muslim or non-Muslim, as well as between man and things which are part of creation. The Sharia contains the rules by which a Muslim society is organized and governed, and it provides the means to resolve conflicts among individuals and between the individual and the state. In this article, writer has throw light on the importance of Islamic Law in social life.

Syntheses of Pyridine and Pyrimidine Derivatives in Search of Potential Therapeutic Agents

This research work consists of the syntheses of pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives by adopting various synthetic chemical transformations and screening of their biological activities. All compounds were fully characterized by various spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, EI-MS and HREI-MS. Melting points of all compounds were also recorded. This dissertation consists of two chapters based on the extensive literature and research findings regarding the three libraries of synthetic compounds. Each chapter has its own compounds numbering, tables, figures, schemes and references. Chapter-1 has been subdivided into two parts (part A and B). Part A composed of the broad literature survey regarding the general introduction of pyridine, its biological background and various synthetic protocols. In addition, it also deals with the rationale behind the current study. Fifty-seven synthesized derivatives of pyridine (21-77) were evaluated for their in vitro activities. all derivatives showed more potent inhibition against α-glucosidase in vitro, however, compounds 29, 35, 43, 44, 49, 56, 61, 70, and 75 showed more than hundred-fold better activity than standard acarbose (IC50 = 856.45 ± 5.60 μM). Out of fifty-seven derivatives, only four compounds 28, 30, 42, and 43 showed weak in vitro dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitory activity as compared to standard sitagliptin (IC50 = 0.0246 ± 0.004 µM). Remaining compounds were found to be completely inactive. Compound 38 showed potent antileishmanial activity while compound 22, 39, 40, 41, 46, 49, 55, and 67 showed weak to significant antileishmanial activities when compared with the standards amphotericin B (IC50 = 0.29 ± 0.05 µM) and pentamidine (IC50 = 5.09 ± 0.04 µM). Ten analogs 22, 25, 35, 38, 42, 46, 49, 63, 70, and 75 manifested themselves to be more potent while ten anlogs 31, 33, 36, 37, 39, 41, 45, 57, 73, and 74 showed weak to moderate activity in comparison with standard ibuprofen (IC50 = 11.2 ± 1.9 µM). Four analogs 25, 28, 35, and 49 were attributed to be significantly active while 43 showed moderate activity in comparison with standard rutin. Only compound 64 was observed to be the most potent against tyrosinase enzyme while, derivative 21, 38, and 50 showed moderate to weak tyrosinase inhibitory activity. In Part-B further pyridine derivatives 78-118 were synthesized and screened to check their in vitro biological activities. In vitro β-glucuronidase inhibition of all synthetic derivatives 78-118 were checked which showed that out of forty-one derivatives, twentyeight derivatives were showed more potency as compared to the standard D-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50 = 48.40 ± 0.25 μM). Among which compound 103 (IC50 = 1.10 ± 0.10 μM) was the most potent compound while compounds 102, 89, 116, 96, 110, and 111 were also the potent about ten to twenty fold better than standard. These derivatives were also evaluated for their urease inhibitory activity. Compound 78, 88, 92, 106, and 116 showed good to moderate potential against urease as compared with the standard thiourea, while remaining derivatives were found to be non-active. Ten Compounds 78, 80, 87, 90, 96, 97, 104, 106, 111, and 115 were showed more antiinflammatory potency than the standard ibuprofen. Out of 98 synthesized derivatives of pyridine, 29 compounds 25, 28, 31, 34, 43, 45, 48, 49, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 69, 71, 72, 74, 75, 83, 89, 97, 98, 102, 103, 109, 110, 111, 112, and 116 were new compounds. Chapter 2 describes introduction of pyrimidine, its biological background and various synthetic protocols. In addition, it also deals with the rationale behind the current study. One pot three-component synthesis was adopted to synthesized Dihydropyrimidone derivatives (150-189) and screened for in vitro biological evaluation. Forty synthetic derivatives of dihydropyrimidones were screened for antiinflammatory activity. Six derivatives 151, 157, 160, 162, 166, and 182 were found to be active and showed more significant to less significant activity in the comparison of standard ibuprofen. All of these derivatives were found to be inactive in intiglycation assay and against tyrosinase enzyme. All derivatives were also screened for their in vitro β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity. Among forty analogs, eighteen compounds 157-159, 162-166, 171-178, 181, and 182 were possess more inhibitory potential than the standard D-saccharic acid 1,4lactone (IC50 = 48.4 ± 1.25 μM). In DPPH activity, only one compound 162 is active which is two-fold more potent than the standards BHT (IC50 = 128.2 ± 0.5 µM) and remaining compounds were found to be inactive.