6. Al-An’am/The Livestock
I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah
The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.
06:01
All Praise and Gratitude be to Allah - the One and Only God,
WHO created without a precedent the celestial realm and the terrestrial world, and
made the darkness and the light.
Yet those who disbelieve ascribe other entities to their Rabb- The Lord.
06:02
It is HE WHO created you from clay,
and then decreed a span of lifetime for each one of you –
while another span of Time is appointed for the Final Judgment by HIM as well.
Yet despite that, you continue to doubt about it.
06:03
And HE is Allah in the celestial realm and also in the terrestrial world.
HE Knows exactly whatever you hide in your hearts and also whatever you utter publicly, and
HE also Knows whatever you are earning of good and evil – deeds, speech, and dealings.
06:04
a. Yet despite that not a Message comes to them with Messages from their Rabb - The Lord
without their turning away from it in denial.
06:05
And they have willfully and persistently belied the Truth – The Qur’an - when it came to them -
but soon will come to them the news of that which they have been ridiculing and mocking.
06:06
Do they not see in their travels as they pass by the ancient archaeological sites how many generations WE punished and destroyed before them?
WE had firmly established them in the land in a way WE have not established you.
And WE poured upon them plentiful rain from the...
Allah Almighty has created such men in every age for the protection of the religion of Islam whose ijtihād and da'wah deeds have always defeated the false ideologies by proving the legitimacy of Islam on firm grounds. From those blessed ones, Imām Sha'rānī and Shāh Walīullāh are eminent, intellectual, spiritual and rejuvenating personalities of their time. The main purpose of this article is to make a comparative study in the context of the views of each of the above two personalities from different angles regarding the differences in jurisprudence. This paper also aims to highlight the rational and moderate position of these personalities while making their different opinion in comparison to other scholars, so that researchers and scholars of this age may get guidance regarding how to make different opinion. It will help the researchers to take advantage of these blessed attitudes of the ancestors and play an important role in building a peaceful society.
To date the only standard of care for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is combinational therapy of interferon and ribavirin. Interferon based therapy is a treatment of long duration, associated with cost-effects and serious side-effects. The struggle for discovering new direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) against HCV infection is still continued. The researchers are making efforts to use combinational therapy against HCV without the involvement of interferon. The majority of patients are treated with interferon plus weight based ribavirin. Therefore, the present study was designed to search for independent markers that may significantly predict the treatment outcomes of interferon based therapy of HCV infection in Pakistani population. This study would assist the clinic doctors and researchers for personalized treatment of HCV infection. Both viral and host factors were considered for the prediction of interferon based therapy of HCV infection in the present study. There were recruited 140 chronic HCV patients and 120 healthy individuals. In the current study; patient characteristics, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of important genes, viral genotypes and baseline viral load were considered. SNPs of the host genome were studied by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR), amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR), and restriction length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). HCV genotyping was performed by Ohno method. HCV viral quantification was performed by real time PCR. The results showed that HCV genotype 3 was the most prevalent genotype (81%) with a very high response rate (91%). The distribution of other HCV genotypes was Abstract xxii comparatively less and also showed decreased response rate to interferon based therapy. The level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and low baseline viral load were linked with enhanced response rate to combinational therapy of HCV infection. Regarding SNPs in the host genome; SNPs of interleukin 28B (IL28B) clustered RefSNPs (rs) 12979860 and rs8099917, IL18 promoter variants, -607C/A (rs1946518) and -137G/C (rs187238), oligoadenylate synthetase gene 1 (OAS1) at exon 7 splice accepter site (SAS), rs10774671, osteopontin (OPN) -442 C/T (rs11730582), TGF-β1 functional polymorphism at codon 10 T/C (rs1982073) and codon 25 G/C (rs1800471), a single nucleotide variant in intron 6 of GALNT8 rs10849138 were analyzed for their association with natural clearance and interferon based therapy of HCV infection. There was found significant associations of IL28B rs12979860CC genotype, OAS1 rs12979860GG genotype, IL18 -607AA genotype, OPN -442TT genotype with HCV infection and treatment response. In conclusion, HCV genotyping and testing of IL28B polymorphism may be used as predictive markers for the outcomes of interferon based therapy in Pakistani population.