الفصل الثاني: أشعار نازك الملائكة وبروين شاکر(المختلفة)
سأتحدث في ھذا الفصل عن أشعار نازک الملائکۃ وبروین شاکر المختلفۃ، ولا أقصد من ذلک بأن لیست ھُناک متشابھات أبداً في ھذہ القصائد، ولکن أقصد من ذلک أن الإختلافات أکثر من المتشابھات، وأرید أن ألفت ذھن القاریء إلی شيء أو موضوع معین، ولکن الشاعرتين مختلفتان في الرأي، وتحکمان علی شعور معین بوجھات نظرھما، والمثال علی ذلک أن نازک الملائکۃ في قصیدتھا ’’أغنیۃ للحیاۃ‘‘ تعتبر الحب مزیجا من السعادۃ والتعاسۃ، ولکن الشاعرۃ بروین شاکر في غزلھا "الموت في العشق لیس سهلاً ’’ عشق میں بھی مرنا اتنا آسان نہیں‘‘ تقول بأن الحب ھو سعادۃ وسعادۃ فقط دون التعاسۃ، والأمثلۃ کثیرۃ علی المتشابھات والإختلاف في قصائدھما، ولکن لم أتطرق إلی جمیع أشعارھما، فسأحاول أن أوضح جزءا أو بعض أشعارھما المختلفۃ في ھذا الفصل، وھي أنني سآخذ قصیدۃ لنازک الملائکۃ وقصیدۃ لبروین، وسأقوم بمقارنتھما، وأعطیت الأسماء الخیالیۃ من تلقاء نفسي لکلا القصیدتین (قصیدۃ لنازک الملائکۃ وقصیدۃ لبروین شاکر) ھکذا۔
[1] الملائکۃ، نازک، ديوان نازك الملائكة ، المجلد الأول(ص ۔365)
[4] القلاع: الحصن ا الممتنع في الجبل۔
[6] قلت: تعرضت للھلاک۔والمقصود هنا العيون
[7] البوار: الخراب، الھلاک، خُسران۔
[8] شاکر، پروین، خوشبو، مراد پبلیکیشنز ۔۔۔۔(ص 142)۔
[9] پیراہن کا مخفف، کپڑا، پوشاک / اللباس أو القماش
The book of tafseer of Sahi Bukhari is most comprehensive book among the books of Hadith and on the basis of many features, it is considered superior to many other books of Hadith. Imam Bukhari annotates each surah one by one in his book of tafseer and constructs 114 chapters equal to the number of surah and these chapters carry 548 hadith of Zikr in which 465 are Mosool and remaining are mualaq and 100 hadith are not described before and remaining are repetitive. Imam Bukhari implements both style of description that is tafseer bil masaur and tafseer bil rai which proves the fact that Imam Bukhari supports the style of tafseer bil rai mehmood. Many Quranic information can be collected from book of tafseer for example: sabub nazool, makki & madni, ilmul qirat, ghareebul quran etc. The derivation of these features the book of tafseer of Sahi Bukhari is not the end but it is a starting point for new study.
Students' attitude towards a particular discipline including mathematics plays an important role in their learning and academic performance. Keeping in consideration the importance of this important precursor of learning the current study aimed to gauge grade ten students' attitude towards mathematics in selected schools of district Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan. Furthermore, this study explored the differences in attitude towards mathematics across gender and academic disciplines (i.e., science and arts). A total 0[300 students (males 163, females 137) were recruited from five government schools to represent both boys and girls in the study. Of the 300 students, 201 were enrolled in the science academic discipline and 99 represented the arts academic discipline. Data were collected through a 5-point scale i.e., Mathematics Attitude Questionnaire (MAQ), using cross-sectional survey design. Data were analyzed using non-parametric version of independent t-test (i.e., Marin-Whitney). Results of this study indicate that grade ten students from public sector schools of district Ghizer, irrespective of gender and academic discipline, demonstrated positive attitude towards mathematics. Analysis at construct level revealed that among the four constructs, students' attitude towards 'usefulness of mathematics' was the highest followed by 'perception about teacher', 'confidence about mathematics' and' mathematics as a male domain ', Gender comparison revealed that, the female students significantly exhibited a more positive attitude towards mathematics than their male counterparts (p