COMPARISON OF THE LEVEL OF BURNOUT AMONG THE ACADEMIC AND CLINICAL PHYSICAL THERAPISTS

Aims of Study: To compare the level of burnout among the academic and clinical physical therapists. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted from August 2019 to January 2020. Data was collected from physical therapists working in the universities and hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Data was collected from 278 participants. Maslach burnout inventory scale was used to measure the level of burnout which was analyzed using SPSS statistics 21.  Results: The mean value of emotional exhaustion for clinical physical therapists was 20.02 ± 8.08 and for academic physical therapist was 18.6 ± 6.57 with significant p value (p˂0.05). The mean value for depersonalization for clinical physical therapists was 9.22 ± 5.17 and for academic 9.29 ± 5.07 with significant p value (p˂0.05). The mean value of personal accomplishment for clinical physical therapists and academic physical therapists was 35.43 ± 7.715 and 35.74 ± 6.49 respectively with non-significant p value (p˃0.05). Limitations and Future Implications: It was conducted for specific time period which not record the overall or yearly impact of burnout on participants. So time lapse and longitudinal study should be done. Originality: The clinical physical therapists have increased level of burnout than academic physical therapists. Conclusion: The clinical physical therapists have increased level of burnout than academic physical therapists.

Science Teaching Practices in English and Urdu Medium Classes in Public Schools and Their Impact on Students Achievement at Grade Viii Level

In this study it is investigated that how much recommended method of science teaching are being used for science teaching and what is their impact along with other learning related factors on students learning in both English and Urdu medium classes at grade VIII level in public schools of the Punjab.The sample of students was selected from districts of three regions of Punjab province using multi-stage cluster random sampling techniques.Keeping in mind gender and locality considerations a sample of 1800 students (900 male and 900 female), 72 subject teachers and 36 head teachers were selected from sample selected school.Three instruments developed were i) checklist for head teachers ii) rating scale for teachers and iii) rating scale for students.These instruments were administered to collect data and the response rate of students, teachers and head teachers remained 88%, 94% and 92% respectively.The collected data was analyzed by using both descriptive as well as inferential statistical techniques. It was found that i) overall science achievement of Urdu medium classes’ students was significantly higher than English medium classes’ students ii) most frequently used teaching method in both English and Urdu medium classes is lecture method iii) teachers’ background variables significantly affect students’ science achievement iv) school environment has positive impact on students’ achievement v) English language problems faced by students significantly affect students’ science scores in both English medium and Urdu medium classes.To improve students’ science learning it is recommended that i) first language (Urdu) may be preferred as medium of instruction in public schools at elementary level ii) teachers may be trained in using effective teaching techniques in each subject area iii) factors affecting students’ learning with reference of teachers’ background and school environment.