Analysis of the Implementation of Patient Safety Targets at the Makassar City Regional General Hospital

The Patient Safety Goals (SKP) drive specific improvements in patient safety. These objectives highlight problematic areas of health care in a system implemented in hospitals to make patient care safer. This study aims to analyze the implementation of patient safety goals in Makassar City Hospital. This type of research is mixed methods research. The research uses a sequential explanatory strategy. The results showed that the implementation of patient safety targets based on the Hospital Patient Safety Target Standards (SNARS) at Makassar City Hospital has a good implementation of patient safety targets. The implementation of patient safety targets in terms of leadership in the Makassar City Regional General Hospital (RSUD), namely the awarding of awards has never been done, and supervision is carried out by looking at patient safety reports. In terms of human resources, training related to patient safety is still lacking and only during accreditation. Regarding policies, there are SOPs related to patient safety incidents and there is no clear sanction, only a warning. For teamwork, there is no availability of a patient safety team in the treatment room, only KMKP has a patient safety team. In addition, the implementation of patient safety goals in terms of communication, namely the existence of positive feedback given and followed up by the Patient Safety and Quality Committee (KMKP), as well as lack of socialization by KMKP, only at the time of accreditation.

Inverse Problems for Some Fractional Differential Equations

Inverse Problems for Some Fractional Differential Equations Fractional Calculus(FC) is about the investigation of arbitrary order derivatives, integrals, special functions and equations involving these operators. This subject has its roots back to late seventeenth century. In recent years scientists and engineers are using it rigorously as it provides an efficient method to model many well known physical phenomenon when compared with their counterpart (integer order calculus). For example, fractional order diffusion/transport equation has been used to explain anomalies in diffusion/transport process which occurs in many physical situations such as transport in heterogenous or porous media. For a physical process scientists are interested in the investigations of causes and effectsofthatphysicalprocess. Theeffectsofanyphysicalprocess(usuallyknown as direct problems) are easier to study then the causes that forces the system to behave in a particular manner. The mathematical models in which we study the causes are termed as inverse problems(IPs). The field of IPs investigates how to convert measurements into information about a physical process. The field of IPs is of great interest as it has many applications just to mention a few are in medical imaging, acoustic, heat conduction, source identification in a stream, shape optimization etc. In this thesis, we have studied time, space as well as space-time fractional differential equations. Through out our research investigation we have used fractional derivatives defined in the sense of Hilfer and Caputo. It is to be noted that Hilfer fractional derivative (HFD) interpolates both Riemann-Liouville(RLFD) and Caputo fractional derivatives(CFD) for particular choices of parameters. For a fourth order time fractional differential equation(TFDE) with nonlocal boundary conditions(knownasSmaraskii-Ionkinboundaryconditions)involvingHilferfractionalderivative(HFD),twoinversesourceproblems(ISPs)areconsidered. ISPof determining a space dependent source term for a TFDE in two space dimensions is also considered. Existence, uniqueness and stability results for the ISPs are proved under certain regularity conditions on the given data. For a multi-term TFDE involving HFDs ISP of recovering a time dependent source term is studied by using Heaviside-Mikusinski’s operational calculus approach. The spectral problem is non-self-adjoint and a bi-orthogonal system of functions(BSFs) is used toconstructtheseriessolutionoftheISPs. Foraspace-timefractionaldifferential equation(STFDE)withDirichletzeroboundaryconditionsalongwithappropriate over-specified conditions two ISPs of recovering space and time dependent sources are considered. In the last research problem of this thesis inverse coefficient problem(ICP)foraspacefractionaldifferentialequation(SFDE)isstudied. Weproved existence, uniqueness and stability results for the solution of the considered IPs by imposing certain regularity conditions on the given datum.