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Desires and Fantasy and Their Effects on Human Relations

Thesis Info

Author

Kishwar Bibi

Program

Mphil

Institute

Riphah International University

Institute Type

Private

Campus Location

Faisalabad Campus

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

ii, 62 . : ill. ; 29 cm.

Subject

English Literature

Language

English

Other

Thesis (M.phil)--Riphah International University, 2019; English; Call No: 823.914 KIS

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676711912176

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صرع کے دوروں کا الزام

صرع کے دوروں کا الزام
مستشرقین اپنے مذموم عزائم کو برواکار لاتے ہوئے آپ ﷺ کو مصروع ثابت کرنے کے لیے چند واقعات کا سہارا لیتے ہیں جو ان کی ذہنی اختراع اور باطل تاویلات کا نتیجہ ہیں جبکہ ایسے واقعات دیگر مقدس ہستیوں کو بھی پیش آئے لیکن مستشرقین و منکرین سب کو چھوڑ کر صرف حضور ﷺ کے سر الزام دھرتے ہیں اور دوسری برگزیدہ شخصیات کا نام تک نہیں لیتے کیونکہ ایسا کرنے سے ان کی اپنی محبوب ہستیاں بھی زد میں آتی ہیں۔ وہ واقعات جن سے یہ مستشرقین آپ کو مصروع ہونے کی ناکام کوشش کرتے ہیں درج ذیل ہیں ۔
۱۔اسپرنگر حضرت آمنہ کے فرشتوں کو دیکھنے کو مرگی سے تعبیر کیا اور یہی مرض حضور کو ورثہ میں ملا‘ کا الزام دھر دیا ۔ علامہ محمد احسان الحق سیلمانی لکھتے ہیں کہ حضرت آمنہ ؓ ، حضور ﷺ کی والدہ ماجدہ نے اپنے رویا میں فرشتوں کو دیکھا جو انہیں احمد ﷺ کی خوشخبری دینے اور آپ کا نام مبارک تجویز کرنے آئے تھے ۔‘‘ سپرنگر نے کہا کہ فرشتوں نے کیا بشارت دینی تھی ، حقیقت میں حضرت آمنہ کو ضعف دماغ اور صرع کی بیماری تھی ۔ حضرت آمنہ ؓ تو فرشتوں کو دیکھے اور یہی کہے کہ یہ فرشتے ہیں لیکن مستشرقین اسے صرع کہتے ہیں ، عجیب منطق ہے۔ جو ساتھی آپ کے ساتھ مدت العمر رہے انہوں نے کسی موقع پر بھی مصروع نہیں کہا ۔ یہ سب کچھ پیغمبر اسلام اور آپ کے گھرانہ کی شان گھٹاناچاہتے ہیں(۲) دوسرا واقعہ یہ ہے کہ آپ ﷺ اپنے بچپن میں اپنے رضاعی بہن بھائیوں کے ساتھ بکریاں چرانے گئے کہ آپ کا رضاعی بھائی اپنے والدین کے پاس دوڑتا ہوا آیا کہ دو سفید پوش مردوں نے میرے قریشی بھائی کا لٹا کر اس کا...

Cytotoxic Assessment of Quinoline Based Derivatives on Liver Cancer Cell Line Quinoline compounds and their Cytotoxicity

Current scenario of newer diseases with multiple causes has drawn the attention of the researchers in the field of therapeutics and they are now inclined to identify molecules effective for targeted therapy. Objective: Quinoline (1-azanaphthalene); belongs to heterocyclic aromatic nitrogen compound. Some quinoline-based derivatives are also known for their anti-tumor activity. The study was planned to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of quinoline derivatives. Methods: Berberine; a quinoline compound was made part of study to make structural analogs which were docked against potential target proteins. Cytotoxic profiling of all derivatives was done using MTT cytotoxicity assay. Results: The pharmacoinformatic and structure activity relationship studies of analogs were done. The cytotoxic profiles were elucidated by comparing viability rates of analogs treated hepatic cancerous cell line with untreated hepatic cells and untreated mesenchymal stem cells as standards.  Marked cytotoxicity was seen in all molecules at low doses than reported in past studies with relevance to parent compound. Conclusions: The results will be further confirmed through various other cell culture assays targeting different marker proteins, pharmacoinformatics tools and structure activity relationship studies

Prevalence of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Nosocomial Infections With Reference to Identification of Resistant Genes Drug Designing

One of the most common places for the development and spread of bacterial resistance are hospitals. These bacteria are present on the inanimate objects and therefore can be a possible cause of cross infections. This cross infection can rise the disease and death rates, which results in increasing costs of healthcare, prolonged hospital stays and requires further expensive medications. Therefore, the current study was aimed at determining the prevalence of these resistant bacteria, their antibiogram pattern, presence of resistant gene(s) and molecular docking studies. In our study the most common bacteria among Gram-positive was Staphylococcus aureus (81%) while in Gram-negative Citro bacter (25%) showed the highest growth followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23%), Provedencia spp (16%), Proteus spp and E.coli (10%), Klebsiella spp (6%), Shigella and Serratia spp (4%) and Salmonella spp (2%). The most potent antibiotic against S. aureus and Citrobacter was Vancomycin (80% sensitive) and Amikacin (63.04%), respectively. The β-lactamase TEM and Metallo- β-lactamase NDM were most common among the Extended-β-lactamase (ESBLs) and Metalo-β-lactamase (MBLs) genes. For β-lactamase TEM, Metallo-β-lactamase and other β-lactamase proteins, numerous classes of inhibitors have been reported in the literature. These proteins revealed to be involved in providing resistance to certain antibiotics, thus, the inhibition of these proteins is vital for achieving the optimum treatment. In the current work, In-silico methods were used for the discovery of novel and potent inhibitors for these proteins. On the basis of ligands attached in the three-dimensional proteins structures, Complex-based pharmacophore models were generated for screening the drug like ZINC database. Before screening, the generated pharmacophore models were validated on a test database of active and non-active compounds. From the result Abstract xxvi | P a g e of virtual-screening, 571 structurally varied compounds from Ethyl Boronic Acid, 866 from L-Captopril and 1020 from Nacubactam were saved. The initial retrieved hits were selected for cleaning via Lipinski’s rule of five to calculate the drug-like properties. The compounds which attained the standards of drug-like properties were additionally evaluated by the docking simulations. Final concluding 30 compounds (10 for each of the selected protein) producing varied structure and the modes of binding in the active pocket of the designated proteins were concluded as new and important inhibitors. Each identified inhibitor has diverse frameworks and possibility of novel and probable inhibitors for β-lactamase TEM, Metallo-β-lactamase and β lactamase.