امجد علی غزنوی
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مہینے میں ہمارے ضلع اور شہر کے مشہور قومی کارکن، کامیاب وکیل اور اچھے شاعر جناب امجد علی غزنوی کا انتقال ہوگیا۔ انھیں اقبال سہیل اور مرزا احسان احمد سے مشورہ سخن کا شرف حاصل تھا۔ ان کے گھر پر اکثر نشستیں ہوتی تھیں اور انھوں نے بعض بڑے مشاعرے بھی کرائے۔ ان کا مجموعہ کلام ’’صہبائے خودی‘‘ بھی زیر کتابت تھا، تعلیمی کاموں سے بھی بڑی دلچسپی تھی۔ اپنے وطن محمدپور میں ایک دینی مدرسہ اور انٹر کالج ان کی یادگار ہے۔ شبلی کالج کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے ممبر اور ایک زمانے میں سینئر نائب صدر تھے۔ دارالمصنفین سے بھی تعلق تھا، یہاں برابر آتے تھے۔ مولانا مسعود علی ندوی کی سفارش پر کانگریس نے ۱۹۶۲ء میں انھیں ٹکٹ دیا تو صوبائی اسمبلی کے ممبر ہوئے۔ مگر اب سیاست کے گرے ہوئے معیار اور خود کانگریس کے رویے سے خوش نہیں رہتے تھے۔ بڑے باغ و بہار شخص تھے۔ دوسروں کی خدمت اور مصیبت زدہ لوگوں کی مدد کرکے خوش ہوتے تھے۔ قدرت نے انھیں دردمنددل اور بے چین طبیعت بخشی تھی۔ خود کہتے ہیں
اک دل درد آشنا و اک نگاہِ حق نگر
اور کیا اس کے سوا امجدؔ سے دیوانے میں ہے
(ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، جنوری ۱۹۹۷ء)
This is an account of the life and works of Fazle Haq Khayrabadi, a great but forgotten Indian Muslim religious scholar and thinker of the 19th century is presented. Coming from a family of great distinction, Fazle Haq Khayrabadi was an author, poet and philosopher who expressed himself in Arabic, Persian and Urdu. Especially relevant is the dedication and fervor with which Khayrabadi participated in all stages of the First Indian War of Independence of 1857 [also termed the Great Mutiny], for which he was exiled to the Andaman Islands by the British rulers of India, where he died in 1862. The remarkable personality of Fazle Haq Khayrabadi [17871862] has been forgotten by an ungrateful nation that does not honour its heroes but instead buries them under the debris of history. A great scholar, familiar with the diverse disciplines in the Islamic sciences, and the Imam of the Khayrabadi school of logic and philosophy, he, also a son the great Fazle Imam Khayrabadi, distinguished himself early for his intellectual prowess and strength of genius. Amazingly, such a scholar, devoted to academics, was also a fighter and participant in the War of Independence of 1857, and a member of the revolutionary council that directed its strategy. For this, he suffered imprisonment at the hands of the vengeful British, who sentenced him to hard labour in the distant Andaman Islands – where he died ‘across the black water’.
In this modern age one needs the ability to communicate well. This communication can be oral or written. Written communication is comparatively more permanent and hence the chances of errors being recorded increase. For an overall mastery of language all the four skills are important but for Pakistani students, and especially for the students of degree level, writing skill is more important as the students’ linguistic competence in the examination is assessed through writing only. Our examinations are writing oriented and although more time and attention is paid to writing skills yet even after so much coaching and care the performance of our students remain very poor. Students keep committing grave errors in large number and remain unable to write even a few sentences in grammatically correct English. Many students at B.A. level fail simply because of the subject of English and many leave their education for good because of repeated failure in this subject. Therefore, the researcher felt a dire need to see into the nature, causes and frequency of errors in written English at degree level with a view to making suggestion to minimize these errors and hence help the teachers as well as students to improve the situation. The aim of the research was to highlight the weak areas of the students while writing English as well as to determine the attitude of the students and the teachers towards written errors. Error free written English is the ideal in the mind of the researcher which he wants to achieve for the students at degree level; after all the students have been studying English for the last fourteen years, a pretty lengthy period indeed. The researcher studied the trend of setting papers and analyzed the errors of the students at sentence level and also in the context. To authenticate the data, interviews of the teachers were conducted for qualitative data and analysis. In the end, on the basis of the findings conclusion is drawn and suggestions are given for the reduction, if not total eradication of errors. These suggestions will not only help the teachers in designing remedial programme but also the students in improving their written English.