چشم کُشا انٹر ویو
پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کن حالات و مقاصد کے لیے قائم ہوئی ،پارٹی سے قبل لاہور کی کن شخصیات سے بھٹو صاحب کی قربت تھی ۔شہید بھٹو کی پارٹی کے قیام سے پہلے لاہور ،لائلپور ،گجرات کے دوروں کے دوران عوام کی طرف سے والہانہ اظہار محبت کے کیا کیا واقعات پیش آئے ،تاسیسی اجلاس میں لاہور ،قصور ،راولپنڈی ،فیصل آباد ،سرگودھا ،ملتان ،ساہیوال ،وہاڑی اور سندھ سے شریک ہو نے والے مندوبین کون تھے ۔لیفٹ کی بھٹو شہید سے نفرت کے محرکات کیا ہیں ۔ہالا کنونشن میں معراج محمد خان کی طرف سے پرچی کی بجائے برچھی سے خون سوشلسٹ انقلاب کے مطالبہ پر قائد عوام نے کیا جواب دیا ۔۔۔۔یہ سب کچھ جاننے کے لیے پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے بانی،رکن ،شہید بھٹو کے ساتھی ،ترقی پسند دانشور ،شاعر ،محقق و ادیب جناب اسلم گورداسپوری کا چشم کشا مضمون ۔
عام تاثر یہی تھا اور اب بھی ہے کہ پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی والے کھلے ،ڈلے ،منہ پھٹ ،سر کش ، اپنی لیڈر شپ کے ساتھ زیادہ فرینک قسم کے لوگ ہوتے ہیں جبکہ مسلم لیگیے عموما کاروباری ٹائپ ، میسنے ،موقع شناس و موقع پرست چاپلوس قسم کی طبیعتوںکے مالک ہو تے ہیں جوکبھی ’’گیلے ‘‘پر پائوںنہیں رکھتے ،رسک نہیں لیتے ،انتہائی لچکدار ’’کردار ‘‘کے حامل ہوتے ہیں ۔ماضی کی حد تک یہ تاثر شاید درست بھی تھا کہ معراج محمد خان ،مختار رانا آف لائلپور ،جے اے رحیم اور حنیف رامے جیسے نرم مزاج ،دانشور مصور فنکار قسم کے لوگ بھی بھٹو جیسے بندے کے خلاف ڈھے گئے ۔جبکہ مسلم لیگ کے مزاج میں سازش اور ٹانگیں کھینچنا تو موجود تھا لیکن آنکھوں میں آنکھیں ڈال کر مزاحمت کا رواج ہر گز نہیں تھا لیکن اب تو یوں محسوس ہوتا ہے کہ رولز ہی ریورس ہوگئے...
Media has wide spectrum in modern world such that it is known as fourth pillar of state. Media has made convenient and has provided numerous facilities. Apart from this media also has shortcoming. Media has wide application in modern world and it is used for different purposes but it has influenced the field of business significantly. In field of business there are various methods to advertise their products and goods but the role of media cannot be neglected nowadays. The owners of industries and factories find it the most suitable ways of enhancing the sale of their products and goods. Therefore advertising has become the most profitable and productive source of income because every company spend a huge amount in order to advertise their products. The Islam has allowed the human being to widen their business through fair means but it is necessary to analyze the Islamic and moral perspective of advertisement so that Muslims may know about the limitation of issue and under its constraints they can be benefited. In this article we will elaborate the Islamic significance and limitations of advertising.
Influenza viruses, in seasonal and pandemic forms, cause the most severe respiratory infections in humans. The currently licensed, egg-based vaccines fail to meet the global vaccine demand during a pandemic. Moreover, there is a constant need to reformulate these vaccines on annual basis according to the circulating viral strains. In order to develop efficient prophylactic measures, alternate vaccine strategies and production platforms need to be exploited. Subunit vaccines, like recombinant hemagglutinin, offer an alternative over conventional vaccines. Current study was designed to clone and express soluble influenza hemagglutinin (HA) of H9 and/or H7, which could be used as a vaccine candidate. To achieve high level of secretory expression and stabilized native trimer structure, HA was assembled with sequence for the tissue plasminogen activator signal peptide (tPA-SP) and foldon domain of bacteriophage T4 fibritin (FT) respectively by employing splicing by overlap extension amplification. The amplified product was cloned in pCMVR-8kb having human cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate-early enhancer and promoter for transient expression of HA in 293F cells. SDS PAGE analysis confirmed a band of ≃ 70 kDa corresponding to H9HA and H7HA which was further confirmed by Western blot analysis and purified by Ni-NTA agarose column. The purified recombinant protein was found biologically active. This expression and purification process can be scaled up easily and recombinant protein can be produced rapidly which can then be used for further studies on virus-host interactions, viral pathogenesis and development of vaccines.The failure of currently available antiviral agents, due to high mutation rate of the influenza virus, calls for employing rigorous strategies to develop safe and potent inhibitory strategies against the virus. Nanoparticles have been studied extensively as potential antimicrobials, their applications recently extended to development of antivirals. In the present study, silver nanoparticles were successfully developed by green synthetic approach using bark extract of Cinnamomum cassia (Cinnamon) and leaves extract of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme). The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Plant extracts (Cinnamon and Thyme) and their corresponding nanoparticles were tested against avian influenza virus subtype H7N3 in Vero cells and the viability of cells was determined by tetrazolium dye (MTT) assay. The silver nanoparticles derived from plant extracts enhanced the antiviral activity and were found to be effective in both treatments, when incubated with the virus prior to infection and introduced to cells after infection. Moreover, the safety profile of the extract and the nanoparticles showed that they were non-toxic to Vero cells even at a concentration of 500 μg/ml. The biosynthesized nanoparticles may, hence, be a promising approach to provide treatment against influenza virus infections. Further research on characterization and mechanism of action of nanoparticles is required to develop better antiviral therapeutics for highly mutating viruses.