ڈاکٹر یعقوب صروف
اڈیٹر المقتطف کی وفات، علمی حلقہ میں یہ خبر نہایت افسوس کے ساتھ سنی جائے گی کہ مصر کے مشہور علمی، صنعتی، زراعتی اور فلسفیانہ رسالہ المقتطف کے دوسرے اڈیٹر ڈاکٹر یعقوب صروف نے بھی جولائی ۱۹۲۷ء کو وفات پائی۔ یہ وہ شامی اہل قلم ہے جس نے عربی ممالک میں سب سے پہلے سائنس، حکمیات، فلسفہ اور اختراعات جدیدہ کے معلومات بہم پہنچائے اور پورے پچاس برس اس نے اس اہم خدمت کو انجام دیا۔ ۱۸۷۶ء میں اس نے اس رسالہ کو جاری کیا تھا اور اب تک اسی طرح پوری شان کے ساتھ جاری رہا۔ ان کی پیدائش ۱۸ء میں ہوئی تھی۔ بیروت امریکن کالج میں تعلیم پائی تھی اور پھر وہیں ریاضیات کے پروفیسر مقرر ہوگئے تھے۔ وہیں اس رسالہ کی اشاعت کا اس کو اور اس کے رفیق فارس نمر کو جو پہلے وفات پاچکا ہے، خیال آیا تھا۔ ترکی حکومت نے اپنی اجازت سے ان کی ہمت افزائی کی۔ آخر یہ مصر میں آکر تکمیل کو پہنچا۔ یعقوب صروف کے بعد فواد صروف نے اس رسالہ کی زمامِ ادارت اپنے ہاتھ میں لی ہے۔
(ریاست علی ندوی، ستمبر ۱۹۲۷ء)
To evaluate the feasibility of a business venture, both financial and non-financial factors are taken into consideration. The assessment of feasibility involves analyzing non-financial elements, with a specific focus on production and marketing aspects. The financial aspects of Tofu and Tempeh Sukses Jaya's commercial production were analyzed using metrics such as payback period (PP), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and profitability index (PI) to determine its overall feasibility. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the business is feasible due to its advantageous location and convenient accessibility. The Tofu and Tempeh Sukses Jaya business appears to be viable due to its strategic and easily accessible location, modern technology, and straightforward production process. Feasibility is ensured by high product quality, imported raw materials, competitive pricing, extensive distribution channels, and effective promotional efforts by the owner to ensure consumer awareness. The financial analysis suggests that the Tempeh Tofu business could be viable over a 10-year project duration with a 10 percent discount rate. According to the evaluation criteria, the business has a 6-month payback period (PP), a net present value (NPV) of IDR 161,565,200, a profitability index (PI) of 1.6%, and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 30%, all of which indicates the business's financial feasibility.
Essential oils are complex mixtures of biological active substances which have numerous applications in the field of food industry, medicine, agriculture and pesticides as they are safe to use as compared to synthetic chemicals having no harmful effect on human health and environment. In the present investigation, essential oils of some indigineous species of plant family Umbelliferae were selected for evaluation of their chemical composition and biological activities. Essential oils were extracted from the seeds of Trachyspermum ammi (L) Sprague, Carum roxburghianum, Daucus carota, Cuminum cyminum Linn., Bunium periscum Bioss, Anethum graveolens L. and Pimpinella acuminata (Edgew) C.B.Clarke. All the volatile oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS. Yield and physico-chemical parameters of the essential oils were also determined using standard methods. Anti-bacterial activity of the essential oils was assayed against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria by using agar disc-diffusion method and determination of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was carried out by broth macro-dilution method. Inhibition zone diameters ranged from 6.0 to 33.6mm and MBC values ranged from 0.25% to above 4% for the various essential oils. The oils of T.ammi, B.periscum and C.cyminum exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococus faecalis while the essential oils of C.roxburghianum and D.carota were active against gram-positive bacteria only. Antioxidant activity of the essential oils was examined using various assays and their efficiency was found to be in the order: T.ammi > C.cyminum > B.periscum > D.carota > C.roxburghianum ixAbstract The antioxidant activities of the selected essential oil components were also examined. Thymol, p-cumenol and gamma-terpinene proved to be the excellent free-radical scavengers followed by S-(+)-carvone, R-(-)-carvone and 4-methoxy cumene whereas cuminal, cuminyl alcohol and p-cymene showed weak activity. Cuminal, R-(-)-carvone, gamma-terpinene and cuminyl alcohol exhibited superior metal chelating activity while p-cumenol and 4-methoxycumene showed weak activity. The essential oils were also tested for their insecticidal activity against Periplaneta Americana. 5% solutions of the essential oils of B.periscum, C.cyminum and T.ammi showed contact toxicity and 100% mortality occurred in the first three hours. The essential oils of C.roxburghianum and D.carota exhibited weak insecticidal activity. In fumigant toxicity assay, 100% mortality occurred after six hours in case of the essential oils of B.periscum and C.cyminum. The essential oils were also tested for insecticidal activity against Musca domestica L (House Fly) and Tribolium castanum. The essential oils from T.ammi, B.periscum and C.cyminum had shown highiest toxicity against both insects while other has mild to moderate insecticidal activity.