مولاناحامد اﷲ الانصاری غازی
مولاناحامد اﷲ الانصاری غازی کی شخصیت کسی تعارف کی محتاج نہیں ایک بلند عالم جید صحافی اورغازی صرف نام ہی کے نہیں کام کے بھی تھے۔سراپا عمل و جہد کی زندگی بسرکی۔دارالعلوم دیوبند میں ایک طالب علم کی حیثیت سے اور پھر اس کے لیے ایک مجاہد بھی ثابت ہوئے۔ کچھ عرصہ ڈ ابھیل میں بھی دارالعلوم کے ساتھیوں کے ساتھ علم وعمل اوردین کی خدمت انجام دینے میں جٹے رہے۔
حضرت قاری طیب صاحب کے لائق داماد تھے۔اورقاری طیبؒ کوان پر ناز تھا۔ ندوۃ المصنفین سے مرحوم حامد الانصاری غازی کاتعلق خاص الخاص رہا ہے۔ ادارہ کی طرف سے ان کی ایک کتاب ’’اسلام کانظامِ حکومت ‘‘ شائع ہوکر مقبولیت کامقام حاصل کرچکی ہے۔
حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانیؒ کی شخصیت سے انھیں انتہائی درجہ کی عقیدت وانسیت تھی، دہلی جب بھی آتے تو حضرت مفتی صاحبؒ سے شرفِ ملاقات حاصل کرنا ان کا اوّل کام ہوتا۔بمبئی میں ادارہ ندوۃ المصنفین دہلی کی کتابوں کاتعارف علمی حلقوں میں کراتے رہتے تھے۔
ان کے انتقال سے علمی دنیا میں ایک خلاء سا محسوس ہورہا ہے ۔ان کی اولاد میں لڑکے جلیل القدر عہدوں پرفائز ہیں، ایک سعودی عرب میں کسی اعلیٰ منصب پراور ایک امریکہ میں کسی اچھے عہدہ پرفائز ہیں۔
اﷲ تعالیٰ سے دعاء ہے کہ حامد الانصاری غازی کی مغفرت فرمائے اوران کواپنی جوار رحمت میں اعلیٰ سے اعلیٰ جگہ عنایت فرمائے آمین ثم آمین۔
[نومبر ۱۹۹۲ء]
Guided by the desire to contribute a little in the development of an innovative instructional technology for the teaching of electronics, this researcher constructed a prototype audio system trainer. Electronics teachers will find the instructional tool convenient and practical to use for visual instruction, laboratory activities and troubleshooting works in electronics. To support the functionality of the audio system trainer, the researcher developed a supplementary laboratory manual. The project whose production costs totaled fourteen thousand two hundred seventy two pesos and fifty centavos (Php 14,272.50) was finished in two weeks’ time. However, this amount is small if compared to the prices of commercially available instructional device developed for the same purpose. The completed project and the supplementary laboratory exercises were evaluated by selected technical faculty members of the College of Industrial Technology of the Bulacan State University, Bulacan Polytechnic College, University of Rizal System, and Lyceum of the Philippines University. Sampling technique as used in the study is both purposive and incidental. The prototype audio system trainer received an over-all mean rating of 4.62 which means that the project is highly acceptable on a set of criteria which includes – physical features, cost, function / operations, and durability. Furthermore, the supplementary laboratory exercises obtained a mean of 4.70 which could be interpreted that the respondents strongly agree on the validity of the manual.
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) locally known as ‗brinjal‘, ‗baengan‘ or ‗bataon‘, is a high value horticultural crop, playing important role in increasing income of farming community. Biotic and abiotic factors contribute in yield loss of eggplant but the saline underground water is the main reason and the cultivation of salt sensitive eggplant genotypes also yield. The objective of this research was to characterize the eggplant genotypes against salinity stress and to induce the salt tolerance in eggplant by foliar application of chitosan and to study the physiological, biochemical and ionic changes in eggplant in response to NaCl salinity and chitosan. Pot culture experiments were carried out in lath (screen) house of Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, to accomplish the investigation. Study comprised of two phases, each phase with two experiments. In first experiment 13 locally grown eggplant genotypes were exposed to different salinity levels [(control, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 dS m-1 (decisiemens per meter)]. Different growth (plant height, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight and plant dry matter) and ionic attributes (sodium and potassium) were recorded. All the eggplant genotypes showed a considerably variable respons under salinity stress. ‗Saadia‘ was found salt tolerant, while ‗Black Beauty‘ was salt sensitive genotype. In the second experiment growth, physiological, biochemical, and ionic attributes of Saadia-tolerant and Black Beauty-sensitive eggplant genotypes (screened out in first experiment) were investigated under different salinity levels (control, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 dS m-1) of NaCl. Results of second experiment showed that salt stress caused the reduction in growth (plant height, root length, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight), water relations (leaf water potential, leaf osmotic potential, leaf turgor pressure and RWC), physiological (photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, except WUE) and biochemical (chlorophyll contents) traits of both tolerant and non-tolerant genotypes. But tolerant genotype (Saadia) showed less reduction in above traits in comparison to sensitive ones (Black Beauty). The enzymatic (SOD, POD and CAT) activities, proline and glycinebetaine were substantially increased in both eggplant genotypes under salt stress conditions. But tolerant (Saadia) showed the maximum increase. Among the ionic traits, Na+ and Cl- were increased while Ca2+ and K+ significantly decreased in response to salt stress. Whereas, tolerant maintained the high concentration of Ca2+ and K+ ions and the least amounts of toxic ions (Na+ and Cl-). xii In the third experiment diverse levels of chitosan i.e. 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 mg L-1 were supplemented as a foliar spray on tolerant (Saadia) and sensitive (Black Beauty) genotypes grown under 9 dS m-1. Chitosan 150 mg L-1 was found to be the optimum dose to increase eggplant growth attributes (plant height, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight and plant dry matter). Whereas, in fourth experiment Saadia (tolerant) and Black Beauty (non-tolerant) eggplant genotypes were grown under saline and non-saline conditions, with and without chitosan. Results showed that chitosan improved the physiological, turgor pressure, enzymatic activities (SOD, POD and CAT), biochemical attributes (proline and glycinebetaine) and beneficial ions (Ca2+ and K+) and decreased the toxic ions (Na+ and Cl-), lipid peroxidation and osmotic potential as well as water potential in both tested eggplant genotypes. Among the yield parameters chitosan increased the number of fruits, fruit diameter, average fruit weight and yield per plant in both eggplant genotypes under stressed and non-stressed environments. Overall, it can be concluded that salt stress reduced the eggplant growth and productivity. Foliar application of chitosan induced salt tolerance in eggplant and improved yield attributes.