حياة نسيم حجازي ومكانته العلمية والأدبية في الأدب الأردي

Abstract: The article deals with the life and contribution ofNaseem Hijazi towards reconstruction ofIslamic thought through his historical novels in New Muslim generation. As a novel writer < Naseem Hijazi is regarded as one of thefinest writers of Urdu language especially in the later 20th century. Among his popular contemporaries were Ibn-e-Safh Saadat Hasan Manto< and Shqfiq-ur-Rehman< all having their particular line ofliterature. Naseem Hijazi is knownfor his potent and romantic description of history. There are only two writers prior to Hijazi who wrote history novels in Urdu: Abdul Haleem Sharar and Sadiq sardhunwi < but Hijazi’s writing is most credible in terms of historical description and accuracy. He exercised extra care to back his study of history by through research and to cite his sources whenever possible. Hijazi creates his powerful expression by blending this study of history with fairytale romanticism. The story usually revolves around characters who were related to< and shown present at the actual historical event that wishes tofocus on. Naseem Hijazi bases most ofhis work in Islamic history. In dealing with this history' he shows both the rise and fall of the Islamic Empire. This writer seems to have been inspired a lot by Allama Muhammad Iqbal's poetry. He tries, not very unlike Iqbal, to remind his readers of the lost glory of the Muslims and in a way inspire them to work with commitment to achieve lost glory in all walks of life. Naseem Hijazi has immensely influenced his readers both in and out of Pakistan. He has been one of the key sources of Islamist ideologies in Pakistan and worked as a key ideology and valour builder during the Soviet-Afghan War. Many Pakistani educated Youngsters throughout 1950s till today are believed to have been emotionally and ideologically inspired by his writings. He enjoys a very large reader base even after his death.

Defining Characteristics of an Elite Private School in the Context of Karachi

Despite the significant contribution of the elite private schools' in educating the elite of our societies, commonly, there is very little understanding of their defining characteristics among parents is that elite private schools are (i) privately owned (ii) they have very high fee structure (iii) and are located in posh areas. In the broader sense, it has mostly stayed out of the educationalists, researchers and policy makers' sight on understanding its exact features in the developing contexts. This study has explored the defining characteristics of an elite private school in the context of Karachi. The main aim of this study was to have a greater in-depth understanding of elite private schools and what makes an elite school elite. To gain this understanding regarding elite private school, the main stakeholders of the school have been interviewed, observed and the school documents have been reviewed and analyzed through the qualitative case study method. The main finding of this study revealed that each one of the stakeholders' characteristics contributes in making elite private school 'elite'. Furthermore, the locality of the school and the facilities that are provided for the students and teachers also significantly contribute to the 'elite' status of the school.