Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penyerapan Anggaran Pada Dinas Perumahan Rakyat dan Kawasan Permukiman

Penelitian ini didasari oleh suatu kondisi yaitu belum maksimalnya penyerapan anggaran pada Dinas Perumahan Rakyat dan Kawasan Permukiman Kabupaten Nias Utara. Oleh karena itu masalah ini harus segera diatasi, salah satunya melalui penelitian untuk menemukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyerapan anggaran ini bisa maksimal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyerapan anggaran pada Dinas Perumahan Rakyat dan Kawasan Permukiman Kabupaten Nias Utara. Fokus penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyerapan anggaran yaitu faktor perencanaan, faktor administrasi, faktor sumber daya manusia, faktor pengadaan barang/jasa, faktor regulasi dan faktor komitmen organisasi. Sampel seluruh pegawai pada Dinas Perumahan Rakyat dan Kawasan Permukiman Kabupaten Nias Utara dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 17 orang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu riset deskriptif kualitatif yaitu riset didasarkan pada data kualitatif dalam pernyataan-pernyataan. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan untuk lebih cepat dalam pengesahan anggaran oleh DPRD dan Pemerintah Daerah sehingga memiliki waktu untuk penyerapannya, melibatkan masing-masing SKPD dalam merencanakan anggaran sehingga tidak terdapat kegiatan penting yang terlewatkan dan perlu perhatian dari segi sarana dan prasana yang kurang memadai karena akan mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai.

The Application of Doctrine of Necessity in Shariah and Contemporary Medical Issues With Special Reference to Family Matters and Pakistani Law

This research work aimed to study the Shariah doctrine of necessity and its application to contemporary medical issues. After thorough investigation of the classical treatises of the Islamic law, it is clear that necessity was not given separate and proper attention by the earlier jurists, although they have discussed it from the human life perspectives, but they did not discuss its application in medical issues related to family matters. Since, the biomedical issues we are facing today were not available at the time of the compilation of Islamic law. However, related materials can be found in different classical manuals of Islamic law, such as discussion on medication, debate on family cases of fertility and etc., but this was deemed to be insufficient to meet the present day requirements, as it is apparent from their writings that necessity had been applied by the former jurists in a state of exigency, and that is limited towards food and drinking necessity only with a view that the rule of necessity can be extended to other abnormal situations as well. That is why the contemporary scholars extended necessity to other cases and paid much attention to the protection of five basic necessities. Hence, the contemporary jurisprudence has taken the principle of necessity into account believing that the basic understanding of the rule of necessity is gradually developed in the jurists'' minds, but the available work is too deficient, as been unable to explain every aspects of the human life. Therefore, this research study is an attempt to discuss the doctrine of necessity on one hand acumen that necessity is not a free license to act otherwise of the standard rules, while on the other hand it elucidates the application of necessity to contemporary medical issues related to family matters and Pakistani law in order to avert its abuse and let the Muslims know that how the doctrine of necessity works in contemporary medical issues.