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قومی کونسل برائے فروغ اردو زبان کی خدمات

Thesis Info

Author

ارسہ کوکب

Supervisor

محمد جلال الدین نعمانی

Program

Mphil

Institute

Riphah International University

Institute Type

Private

Campus Location

Faisalabad Campus

City

Faisalabad

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

339 . : ill. ; 30 cm.

Subject

Urdu Literature

Language

Urdu

Other

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Urdu.; Includes bibliographical references; Thesis (M.Phil)--Riphah International University, 2015; Urdu; Call No: 891.43 IRS

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676712231150

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سیالکوٹ میں اردو غزل اقبال سے صابر ظفر تک

سیالکوٹ میں اردوغزل (اقبال سے صابر ظفر تک)

علامہ اقبالؒ کی شاعری کا ایک بڑا حصہ غزلیہ اشعار پر مشتمل ہے۔بانگِ درا،بالِ جبریل  اور ضربِ کلیم شعری مجموعوں میں اقبالؒ کی کثیر تعداد میں غزلیں ملاحظہ کی جا سکتی ہیں۔ان میں کچھ مسلسل غزلیں بھی  ہیں جن میں ایک ہی طرح کے مضامین ملتے ہیں۔اقبالؒ داغ دہلوی کے شاگرد تھے ان کی ابتدائی شاعری پر داغ کے اثرات دیکھے جا سکتے ہیں۔"باقیاتِ اقبال "کے نام سے مختلف محققین نے اقبالؒ کا جو منسوخ کلام  مرتب  کیا ہے ان پر بھی داغ کا رنگ واضح نظر آتا ہے۔بانگ ِ درا کی کچھ غزلوں میں بھی داغ کا اندازِ بیان دیکھا جا سکتا ہے۔اگرچہ اقبالؒ کی غزل کے مضامین کلاسیکل اور روایتی شاعری سے منفرد ہیں لیکن کہیں کہیں کلاسیکل اور روایتی رنگ دیکھا جا سکتا ہے۔اس حوالے سے کلام ِ اقبال ملاحظہ ہو:
مانا کہ تیری دید کے قابل  نہیں ہوں میں
تو میرا شوق دیکھ میرا انتظار دیکھ
کھولی ہیں ذوقِ دید نے آنکھیں تری اگر
ہر رہگزر میں نقش کف پائے یار دیکھ1
نہ آتے ہمیں اس میں تکرار کیا تھی
مگر وعدہ کرتے ہوئے عار کیا تھی
تمہارے پیامی نے سب راز کھولا
خطا اس میں بندے کی سرکار کیا تھی
بھری بزم میں اپنے عاشق کو تاڑا
تری آنکھ مستی میں ہشیار کیا تھی
تامل تو تھا ان کو آنے میں قاصد
مگر یہ بتا طرزِ انکار کیا تھی2
موت کا نسخہ ابھی باقی ہے اے درد فراق
چارہ گر دیوانہ ہے ،میں لادوا کیونکر ہوا
میرے مٹنے کا تماشا دیکھنے کی چیز تھی
کیا بتاؤں ان کا میرا سامنا کیونکر ہوا3
انوکھی وضع ہے سارے زمانے سے نرالے ہیں
یہ عاشق کو ن سی بستی کے یا رب !رہنے والے ہیں
رلاتی ہے مجھے راتوں کو خاموشی ستاروں کی
نرالا عشق ہے میرا...

ابن تیمیہ متفرد کیوں؟ اسباب و علل کاتجزیاتی مطالعہ A Research Review of the Reasons of Ibn Taymiyya’s Distinctions

Ibn Taymiyya is known as a controversial figure due to his differences. Most of the scholars have differed with him on most of the jurisprudential and principled issues. There are many reasons for Ibn Tamiya’s differences. The difference between intellect and its use is the most important, that is, the way of thinking. The jurisprudential ability and competence that elevated him to the status of ijtihad was a result of uniqueness in ijtihad and jurisprudence. Disagreements can be caused by the circumstances of that era and the behavior of the people of that era. All the principles and their preferred methods based on which he solved jurisprudential and doctrinal issues and all the reasons why he disagreed with a section of the ummah and the ummah know these differences in the form of the differences of Ibn Taymiyya. It is very important that his jurisprudential insight and ijtihad efforts be revealed, although in many issues the majority of the scholars of the ummah have disagreed with him and their opinion differs from the great taste. Ibn Tamiya’s method of inference in jurisprudential and principled issues and the principles by which he formed an opinion on an issue and on what basis he preferred principles in solving problems are the key issues that will be discussed in the following article.

Role of Minorities in the Political System of Pakistan A Case Study of the Christians of Lahore Division

The minorities play a very important role in the development of a country. The minorities in Pakistan have also been playing a very significant role in the development of the sacred homeland, especially the Christian Community, of Lahore Division, being the largest minority has been working side by side with the Muslim and contributing its share in the progress of the country. This research aimed to explore and hi-light services of the Christians of Lahore Division in different fields of life. Qualitative research has been carried out and interviews of the Christians, serving in different departments, have been conducted to explore the role of the Christians in the political system of Pakistan. The results show that they participated very actively in the Pakistan Movement and at the time of partition of the sub-continent they supported the stance of the Muslims unconditionally. After independence, when Muslim refugees were coming to Pakistan, the Christian Community came forward for their help. Since independence, they have been seen working serving the nation in different fields especially in education, health and care, judiciary, defense etc. At present, they are running some worldfamous educational institutions in Lahore. The Christian doctors and nurses are serving the ailing humanity in almost all the hospitals of the Lahore Division. Their role in the defense of the country is also praise-worthy. Some of them have even sacrificed their lives for the sacred homeland. They have given their blood to secure the future of the nation. In the development of the country their contribution is no less than the Muslims’ role but unfortunately, they seem less interested in political process of the country. They have apprehensions about electoral system. The representatives of the Christian Community, in the Assemblies, are selected but not elected. It is a big hindrance in their way to political participation. Moreover, illiteracy, poverty, and social discrimination, etc. are among some of the major hurdles in their way to political participation.